Bioacoustics of Cardiodactylus busu

Distribution. Entire New Guinea and near north-west islands (Yapen, Supiori, Waigeo, Pulau Misool). Calling song ( Fig. 1 , Table 1 ). The calling song is more complex than formerly described. At 25 °C, the song bout is made up of long and highly variable echeme-sequences made up of two broad parts. Each echeme-sequence lasts for 48.1±63.0 s. Echeme-sequences start by a group of 9–292 low-amplitude two-syllable echemes showing low, almost homogeneous amplitude (echeme Pattern 1; P1) ( Table 1 ). The second part of the echeme-sequence (echeme Pattern 2; P2) shows longer echemes made up of 3–5 syllables, with increasing amplitudes. On average, the echemes in P1 have a shorter duration made up of fewer syllables than P2 ( Table 1 ). The echeme period is also longer in P1 than in P2 ( Table 1 ). Within each echeme, syllable duration is also shorter in P1 than in P2, but the syllable period is similar ( Table 1 ). The frequency spectrum is made up of a harmonic series, the dominant frequency ranging from 13.5 to 14.5 kHz, does not correspond to the fundamental harmonic, but to the third harmonic. The fundamental frequency is around 4.5 kHz. Note that the dominant frequency is slightly lower in P1 than in P2 ( Table 1 ).