Bioacoustics of Urupelma dianae

Distribution and natural history Known from the type locality ( Figures 70B , 76 , 77 ). The type specimens were found under stones. MALE (MUSM-ENT 0513017): ( Figures 70A , 72–74 ) Total length: 18.14, carapace length 8.86, width 7.74, chelicerae with 10 teeth on promargin. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior eye row slightly recurved. Eye sizes and interdistances: ( Figure 72C ) AME 0.35 (circular), ALE 0.32 (oval), PME 0.24 (oval), PLE 0.31 (oval), AME-AME 0.17, AME-ALE 0.13, PME-PME 0.59, PME-PLE 0.03, ALE-PLE 0.17, AME-PME 0.11, OQ length 0.702, width 1.274. Ocular tubercle length 1.092, width 1.274, clypeus absent. Fovea transverse, deep, width 0.83, 5.49 from anterior edge of carapace. Labium length 1.07, width 1.73, anterior third with 23 cuspules, maxillae with 78–80 cuspules in basal half. Ventral maxilla without short spiniform setae. Sternum length 4.57, width 3.69, three pairs of sternal sigilla located near coxae III (length 0.33, 0.27 from edge of sternum), coxae II (length 0.26, 0.18 from edge of sternum) and coxae I (length 0.21, 0.09 from edge of sternum). Sigilla on labiosternal suture joined. Leg formula: IV> I> II> III. Incrassate leg segments: slightly incrassate femur III. Maxillary and trochanteral stridulatory bristles absent. Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total Palp 4.7 2.9 4.4 – 1.9 13.9 Leg I 8.1 4.4 6.5 5.8 5.2 30.0 Leg II 7.7 4.0 5.6 5.6 4.7 27.6 Leg III 7.0 3.6 5.1 6.6 4.7 27.0 Leg IV 8.7 3.8 6.9 9.2 5.6 34.2 Scopulae: All tarsi 100% densely scopulate, metatarsi I 80%, metatarsi II 60%, metatarsi III 15%, metatarsi IV 20% scopulate. Tarsal scopulae I–II undivided, tarsal scopulae III divided by a narrow longitudinal band of setae, tarsal scopulae IV divided by a wide longitudinal band of setae. Dorsal face of all tarsi and cymbium with two irregular longitudinal rows of very short claviform trichobothria. Denticulation of paired tarsal claws on left legs (prolateral/retrolateral row): I 5/2, II 6/4, III 6/5, IV 6/5. Plumose setae on retrolateral face of femur IV absent. Taxon PS PAc PI A SA R Additional structures and comments Urupelma peruvianum ( Chamberlin, 1916 ) , comb. n. + + – +++ + – ++ PS keel unipartite and developed on tegulum only, or bipartite and developed on tegulum and apically on embolus, PI keel well developed. A keel weakly developed. R keel developed. Urupelma sanctitheresae sp. n. + + – +++ + – ++ PS keel bipartite and developed on tegulum and apically on embolus, PI keel well developed. A keel weakly developed. R keel developed. Urupelma sanctimariae sp. n. – – +++ + + + ++ PS keel absent. PI keel well developed. A keel weakly developed. SA keel developed. R keel developed. Urupelma awanqay sp. n. – – +++ + + + ++ PS keel absent, PI keel bipartite, apical part on embolus well developed, distal part on tegulum weakly developed. A keel weakly developed.SA keel developed. R keel developed. Urupelma ashaninka sp. n. – – +++ + – +++ PS keel absent. PI keel well developed. A keel weakly developed. R keel well developed. Urupelma atarraz sp. n. – – +++ + – ++ PS keel absent. PI keel well developed. A keel weakly developed. R keel developed. Urupelma megantonianum sp. n. – – +++ + + ++ PS keel absent. PI keel well developed. A and SA keel weakly developed. R keel developed. Urupelma machiguenga sp. n. – – +++ + – ++ PS keel absent. PI keel well developed. A keel weakly developed. R keel developed. Urupelma pampas sp. n. + – +++ + + ++ PS keel unipartite and weakly developed, PI keel bipartite, apical part well developed, tegular part weakly developed. A and SA keel weakly developed. R keel developed. Urupelma veronicae sp. n. + + – +++ + – + PS keel unipartite, developed on tegulum only, weakly developed on embolus, PI keel well developed on embolus, subtriangular. A keel weakly developed. R keel weakly developed. TP well developed. Urupelma dianae sp. n. + + – +++ + – + PS keel unipartite and developed on tegulum only, PI keel well developed on embolus, subtriangular. A keel weakly developed. R keel weakly developed. TP well developed. Spination: femora I p 0-1-2, d 0-1-0, II p 1-1-3, d 0-1-1, III d 0-2-4, IV d 0-1-4 and femora of palps p 0-0-2; patellae I v 0-0-1 (apical), II v 0-0-1, p 1-0-1 III p 2-0-1, r 1-1-0, IV v 1-0-0, p 1-0-1, r 1-0-0 and patellae of palps 0; tibiae I v 3-3-1 (apical), p 0-1-1, r 0-1-1, II v 4-2-4 (apical), p 1-1-0, d 1-1-0, III v 3-3-3 (apical), p 0-1-3, r 1-1-1, IV v 3-3-4 (apical), p 0-1-2, r 0-1-1 and tibiae of palps p 1-0-3; metatarsi I v 1-1-1 (apical), p 0-1-1, r 0-1-0, II v 2-2-2-1 (apical), p 1-1-1, r 0-1-1, III v 2-1-3 (apical), p 2-2-1, r 1-1-1, IV v 3-3-3 (apical), p 1-1-1-1, r 1-1-1, tarsi I– IV and tarsi of palps 0. Palpal organ as in Figure 74 , embolus short with four smooth keels, PS, PI, A and R keel, PS keel is located on embolus and tegulum, PI keel with subapical oval lobe and small apical lobe, A keel short, transparent, R keel is located on ventral side. Tegulum with distinct subconical basal apophysis. Prolateral cymbial lobe distinctly larger than retrolateral one. Retrolateral cymbial lobe covered with short spiniform setae. Retrolateral face of palpal tibia with distinct subapical protuberance apically covered with spiniform setae ( Figure 73A, B ). Two almost equal subapical apophyses are present on tibia I ( Figure 73C ): a retrolateral tibial apophysis with short apical spine, and a prolateral tibial apophysis with single, retrolateral spine reaching the apex. Metatarsus I not sigmoidly curved and without basal or median protuberance on retrolateral face. When flexed, metatarsus I contacts the retrolateral side of retrolateral tibial apophysis. Abdomen: ( Figure 72F ) urticating setae of type III are located in a central patch. Size of the patch: length 3.46, width 3.56. PLS: length 2.94, basal segment 0.83, middle segment 0.65, apical segment 1.46, all digitiform. PMS: 0.75. Colouration and covering setae: dorsal view: ( Figure 70A ) carapace and chelicerae dark brown and covered with bronze pubescence, coxae, trochantera brown with bronze pubescence, femora dark brown, patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi brown. Patellae I, II and palpal patella with two equal longitudinal stripes without covering setae, patellae III, IV with two unequal diagonal stripes without covering setae. Abdomen dark brown intermixed with long pale setae, except for central brown patch. Ventral view: brown, except for booklung and the area above epigastric scutum, which are light brown. Labium and maxillae dark brown. Spinnerets dark brown. FEMALE: Known only from Figure 71 . The variability in the shape of spermathecae is shown in Figure 75 .