Bioacoustics of Crossopriza tiwi

Description Male ( holotype ) MEASUREMENTS. Total length 4.1, carapace width 1.7. Distance PME–PME 75 µm; diameter PME 130 × 150 µm; distance PME–ALE 30 µm; diameter AME 100 µm; distance AME–AME 20 µm. Leg 1: 49.7 (14.9 + 0.7 + 12.9 + 18.5 + 2.7), tibia 2: 9.1, tibia 3: 6.5, tibia 4: 7.7; tibia 1 L/d: 65; femora 1–4 diameters: 0.31, 0.25, 0.22, 0.24. COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow, anteriorly in median pit light brown; sternum dark brown with black radial marks; legs ochre-yellow, without darker rings, with black lines on femora and (few) on tibiae; abdomen pale gray, with some dark marks dorsally and posteriorly above spinnerets; ventrally with distinct black pattern, with three parallel longitudinal marks behind gonopore. BODY. Habitus as in Figs 393–394 . Ocular area slightly raised. Deep thoracic pit and pair of furrows diverging from pit toward posterior margin. Clypeus unmodified, only rim slightly more sclerotized than in female. Sternum wider than long (1.2/0.8), unmodified. Abdomen slightly elongated, dorsoposteriorly angular. CHELICERAE. As in Figs 438–439 , with pair of latero-distal apophyses provided with one large modified cone-shaped hair each; distance between tips of modified hairs: 360 µm; lateral stridulatory ridges clearly visible in dissecting microscope. PALPS. As in Figs 433–435 ; coxa with rounded retrolateral hump; trochanter barely modified; femur distally strongly widened, with rounded ventral protrusion, proximally with prolateral stridulatory pick, with indistinct retrolateral transversal line, without retrolateral proximal process; femur-patella joints shifted toward prolateral side; tibia-tarsus joints slightly shifted toward retrolateral side; tarsus without macrotrichia; procursus straight, with prolateral proximal hump set with many long hairs, long dorsal hairs not or only weakly curved, procursus tip ( Figs 436–437 ) with strong ventral sclerite and further distinctive membranous and sclerotized elements; genital bulb ( Figs 440–442 ) with simple basal sclerite connected to distal (main) sclerite, sperm duct opening at basis of distal sclerite; distal sclerite with sharp retrolateral ridge and distinctive set of prolateral apophyses and ridges. LEGS. Femur 1 with single row of ~40 ventral spines; without curved hairs; few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 3.5%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1, present on other leg tibiae; tarsi with indistinct platelets rather than regular pseudosegments. Male (variation) Tibia 1 in 16 males (incl. holotype ): 9.9–13.1 (mean 11.3). Smaller males with fewer spines on femur 1 (~10–20). Abdomen often also with white marks. Ventral parallel marks on abdomen variably fused or separate. Female In general similar to male ( Fig. 395 ) but without spines on legs, with small and poorly visible stridulatory files on chelicerae, and with stridulatory organ consisting of pair of weakly sclerotized but distinct processes posteriorly on carapace and pair of distinct light brown plates anteriorly on abdomen. Tibia 1 in 17 females : 7.1–11.7 (mean 9.8). Epigynum as in Figs 445–446 , main epigynal plate semicircular to triangular, weakly protruding, only posteriorly laterally heavily sclerotized; with pair of shallow furrows ~390 µm apart; internal sclerotized arcs visible in uncleared specimens; posterior plate short but wide. Internal genitalia ( Figs 443–444 , 447–449 ) with large oval pore plates converging anteriorly, dorsal arc strong but simple, ventral arc with median modification of unknown function.