Bioacoustics of Crossopriza parsa

Description Male ( holotype ) MEASUREMENTS. Total length 4.3, carapace width 1.7. Distance PME–PME 95 µm; diameter PME 105 ×130 µm; distance PME–ALE 25 µm; diameter AME 100 µm; distance AME–AME 30 µm. Leg 1: 44.5 (12.9 + 0.7 + 12.0 + 16.4 + 2.5), tibia 2: 8.9, tibia 3: 6.1, tibia 4: 6.7; tibia 1 L/d: 75; femora 1–4 diameters: 0.23, 0.21, 0.20, 0.20. COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow, with distinct brown mark anteriorly in median pit; sternum dark brown to black; legs ochre-yellow, without darker rings, with small black lines on femora and (few) on tibiae; abdomen gray, with few and indistinct dorsal dark marks; ventrally with dark band limited to anterior and posterior part, absent from median part (behind gonopore). BODY. Habitus similar to C. sahtan sp. nov. (cf. Fig. 391 ). Ocular area slightly raised. Deep thoracic pit and pair of shallow furrows diverging from pit toward posterior margin. Clypeus unmodified, only rim slightly more sclerotized than in female. Sternum wider than long (1.1/0.7), unmodified. Abdomen slightly elongated, dorso-posteriorly angular to conical. CHELICERAE. As in Figs 731–732 , with two pairs of apophyses; lateral pair set with small sclerotized scales; median pair with one large modified cone-shaped hair each; distance between tips of modified hairs 70 µm; lateral stridulatory ridges clearly visible in dissecting microscope. PALPS. As in Figs 726–728 ; coxa with rounded retrolateral hump; trochanter barely modified; femur distally strongly widened, with rounded ventral protrusion, proximally with prolateral stridulatory pick, without retrolateral transversal line, without retrolateral proximal process but some slightly stronger hairbases on retrolateral-ventral ridge; femur-patella joints shifted toward prolateral side; tibia-tarsus joints shifted toward retrolateral side; tarsus without macrotrichia; procursus ( Figs 729–730 ) weakly curved towards ventral, with low prolateral hump proximally followed with thick ridge set with numerous long hairs, long dorsal hairs mostly straight or weakly curved, procursus tip with ventral sclerite accompanied by flat prolateral sclerite, with further membranous elements; genital bulb ( Figs 733–735 ) with simple basal sclerite connected to distal (main) sclerite, sperm duct opening not seen; distal sclerite without retrolateral ridge, with two distinctive prolateral apophyses and long ventral process. LEGS. Femur 1 with single row of ~28 ventral spines; without curved hairs; few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 4%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1, present on other leg tibiae; tarsal pseudosegments indistinct and irregular, only at distal tip ~2–3 regular pseudosegments. Male (variation) Tibia 1 in 12 males (incl. holotype ): 9.9–12.4 (mean 11.3). Some males with few indistinct darker specks behind gonopore, but never with distinct dark pattern. All males other than those from type locality and from S of Fahlyān with slightly different procursus tip and slightly different processes on distal bulbal sclerite: in males from Dasht-e Arjân, the apophysis accompanying the ventral distal sclerite of the procursus is simple and weakly sclerotized (arrow in Fig. 738 ); the elements of the distal bulbal sclerite are slightly different in shape ( Fig. 739 ). In males from Choram, the procursus tip appears intermediate between those from Persepolis and those from Dasht-e Arjân; the bulb appears identical to males from Persepolis. The chelicerae in all these males appear identical. They also share the ‘incomplete’ pattern ventrally on the abdomen, i.e., with almost no dark marks behind the gonopore. Female In general similar to male but without spines on legs, apparently without stridulatory files on chelicerae, and with stridulatory organ consisting of pair of weakly sclerotized but distinct processes posteriorly on carapace and pair of small but distinct light brown plates anteriorly on abdomen. Tibia 1 in 21 females : 8.8–12.5 (mean 10.0). Epigynum as in Figs 740–741 , main epigynal plate roughly triangular, barely protruding, laterally posteriorly heavily sclerotized with pair of low depressions, medially with pair of pockets on both sides of median rim (distance 30 µm); internal median structure visible in uncleared specimens; posterior plate light brown, short but wide. Internal genitalia ( Figs 736–737 , 742–744 ) with large elongate pore plates converging anteriorly, dorsal arc slender, ventral arc medially widened and strongly sclerotized, apparently without pouch-like modification. Females from S of Fahlyān, Dasht-e Arjân, “Aliâbâd”, and Choram appear identical to those from Persepolis. In females from “Barm-e-peere-Ghaibi” the lateral epigynal sclerites are less strongly developed.