Bioacoustics of Crossopriza dhofar

Description Male ( holotype ) MEASUREMENTS. Total length 3.3, carapace width 1.1. Distance PME–PME 80 µm; diameter PME 80 × 90 µm; distance PME–ALE 30 µm; diameter AME 75 µm; distance AME–AME 20 µm. Leg 1: 28.3 (7.9 + 0.5 + 7.8 + 10.3 + 1.8), tibia 2: 5.1, tibia 3: 4.1, tibia 4: 4.4; tibia 1 L/d: 74; femora 1–4 diameters: 0.14, 0.11, 0.11, 0.11. COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow, with light brown median band including ocular area; clypeus not darkened; sternum densely covered with dark brown spots; legs ochre-yellow, without darker rings, with black marks on femora and (few) on tibiae; abdomen gray, with dorsal pattern of dark marks among many internal whitish marks; ventrally with distinct black pattern (disrupted median band), three longitudinal bands behind gonopore. BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 396 . Ocular area slightly raised. Shallow but wide thoracic pit and pair of furrows diverging from pit toward posterior margin. Clypeus unmodified, only rim slightly more sclerotized than in female. Sternum wider than long (0.80/0.55), unmodified. Abdomen elongated and pointed above spinnerets. CHELICERAE. As in Figs 458–459 , with pair of distal lateral apophyses provided with one modified cone-shaped hair each, two pairs of large conical hairs frontally near median line, and pair of smaller modified hairs more proximally (slightly asymmetric); distance between tips of modified hairs on lateral apophyses: 405 µm; with distinct lateral stridulatory ridges. PALPS. As in Figs 450–452 ; coxa with very low retrolateral hump; trochanter barely modified; femur distally strongly widened, with rounded ventral protrusion, proximally with prolateral stridulatory pick, without retrolateral transversal line, without retrolateral proximal process; femur-patella joints shifted toward prolateral side; tibia large relative to femur; tibia-tarsus joints slightly shifted toward retrolateral side; tarsus without macrotrichia; procursus ( Figs 453–454 ) slightly curved towards ventral, short, long dorsal hairs not curved, with two strong humps proximally on prolateral side, ventral hump densely set with long hairs; procursus tip complex, with ventral hinged sclerite accompanied by flat parallel sclerite, pointed dorsal sclerite, and median partly membranous elements; genital bulb ( Figs 455–457 ) with simple basal sclerite connected to distal (main) sclerite, sperm duct opening not seen; distal sclerite with distinctive ventral process, smaller prolateral process, and partly semitransparent pointed tip. LEGS. Femur 1 with single row of ~10 ventral spines; without curved hairs; few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 2.5%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1, present on other leg tibiae; tarsi without regular pseudosegments (except for 2–3 at tip). Male (variation) Tibia 1 in six males (incl. holotype ): 6.4–9.9 (mean 8.2). Larger males with more spines of femur 1 (~ 23 in largest male); sternum sometimes uniformly dark, almost black; ventral abdominal pattern slightly variable, three longitudinal bands sometimes fused; frontal hairs on chelicerae slightly variable, but usually with two pairs of strong hairs and 1–3 more proximal pairs of smaller hairs, often asymmetric. Males from Shaat sinkhole with slightly shorter dorsal process at tip of procursus. Female In general similar to male ( Figs 397–398 ) but without spines on legs, with very indistinct stridulatory files on chelicerae ( Fig. 469 ; barely visible in dissecting microscope), and with stridulatory organ consisting of pair of weakly sclerotized but distinct processes posteriorly on carapace (arrow in Fig. 468 ) and pair of light brown plates anteriorly on abdomen. Tarsal organ capsulate ( Fig. 472 ); ALS with one widened spigot and one pointed spigot ( Fig. 471 ). Tibia 1 in 36 females : 5.2–8.7 (mean 6.5). Epigynum as in Figs 462–463 and 473–474 , protruding area in anterior part whitish, posterior part with triangular brown plate; with pair of large pockets (250 µm apart); internal median sclerite (pouch?) clearly visible in untreated specimens; posterior plate short but wide. Internal genitalia ( Figs 460–461 , 464–466 ) with oval pore plates converging anteriorly, with pair of distinct lateral sclerites embedded in membrane, dorsal arc simple, ventral arc with strong median sclerite (pouch?) of unknown function.