Bioacoustics of Bothynus condacki

Description . Holotype male ( Fig. 6A ). Body length : 24.0 mm. Body width : 13.mm. Color : Completely dark. Head : Clypeus subpentagonal, densely punctate, glabrous, apex with 2 short teeth. Frontoclypeal suture with 2 small, transverse tubercles. Interocular width equals 3.3 transverse eye diameter; frons with surface coarsely ru- gopunctate, with scarce setae scattered laterally near eyes. Mouthparts : Mandibles tridentate; apical and medial teeth triangular, basal tooth lobed and smaller than previous tooth. Maxilla with quadridentate galea; 2 strong apical teeth, 2 weak basal teeth. Mentum subtriangular, surrounded with setose punctures, discal area slightly convex, glabrous. Pronotum: Strongly convex posteriorly in lateral view; anterior area with a small apical tubercle followed by a, rounded shaped concavity, moderately deep. Discal and lateral areas finely punctate; concavity punctate in 2 areas at sides, anteriorly with dense, C-shaped and coalescent punctures, becoming moderately punctate toward posterior area. Scutellar shield : Subparabolic shaped, smooth, 1.7 times wider than long. Elytra : Surface nearly completely smooth, punctures inconspicuous (only observed under 90X magnification), longitudinal striae barely marked. Legs : Protarsomere V with 1 ventro-basal tooth; protarsomere IV extending ventrally, nearly reaching the apex of the ventro-basal tooth of tarsomere V. Metatrochanter with acute apex ( Fig. 6B ). Abdomen : Ventrite I completely, densely setose, II–VI moderately setose on sides, becoming gradually weak toward disc; discal area glabrous. Tergite VII with stridulatory apparatus formed by a band of innumerous, transverse, finely marked carinae. Tergite VIII nearly smooth, only with transverse, oval shaped punctures, confined to disc. Aedeagus : Parameres in caudal view ( Fig. 8F ), nearly symmetric, middle area with narrow outer margins, apical half with lateral flaps distinctly wider than basal half, apex of the right paramere with a strong contraction at inner margin. In lateral view, apex shortened, downcurved ( Fig. 9F ). Female . Unknown. Geographic distribution : Brazil : Minas Gerais ( Fig. 12F ). Bothynus condacki is known only from southeastern Brazil , in a locality dominated by Cerrado and open Rupestrian fields. This is the only species of the B. entellus species group that occurs in a xeric habitat, the other species are found in very wet, forested habitats.