Bioacoustics of Thapaia cavitrigona

Figs 1 M–O , 2 A−I Description. Color pattern and external morphology similar to those of Thapaia malingensis Yuan & Song, 2025 ( Figs 1 M–O vs. 1 P–R), but differing as follows: body reddish-brown (darker than other congeneric species), vertex brownish-yellow; anterior margin of vertex medially produced, with one brown apical spot, pair of dark brown subcircular spots on anterior margin, and pair of brown spots on medio-posterior margin; coronal suture distinct, midline and junction of vertex and pronotum pale brown ( Fig. 1 M ). Compound eyes dark brown, face brownish-yellow, anteclypeus brown ( Figs 1 N, O ). Pronotum ochre-yellow, with large dark brown markings; scutellum yellow, basal lateral angles brown or dark brown, median macula extending to apex with apex darker ( Fig. 1 M ), transverse sulcus straight and dark-colored. Forewing ground color grayish-white, with numerous large reddish-brown and orange-red markings on inner clavus and outer claval suture ( Figs 1 M–O, H ); hind wing venation conforms to typical generic characteristics ( Fig. 2 M ). Abdominal apodemes broad, extending to apex of 5 th sternite ( Fig. 2 E ). Male genitalia . Dorsal pygofer appendage slender, digitiform, fused to pygofer lobe ( Fig. 2D ). Anal tube large, fine setae ( Fig. 2A ). Subgenital plate ( Figs 2A, C ) broad and expanded basally, with shallow subbasal lateral constriction, apex rounded; base with small fine setae, subapex with seven dentate robust setae not reaching apex, 5 macrosetae near base and median concave area; margin with small cilia. Style ( Fig. 2C ) slender, apex foot-shaped with rounded heel and elongated toe; preapical lobe with tuberculate sensillum, small dentate processes on preapical neck, lower part slender and rod-like. Aedeagal shaft ( Figs 2G–I ) dorsally oriented in lateral view, robust overall; with about 13 short spines near gonopore and on ventral margin; preatrium longer than dorsal atrium, dorsal atrium triangular in lateral view ( Figs 2F, G ). Connective large and broad, central process broad and lamellate. Measurements. Body length in males 2.9–3.1 mm .