Bioacoustics of Telostholus

1. Fore wing with apical and distinct subbasal brown bands...................................................... 2 - Fore wing with apical or subapical band, but without subbasal band ( Figs 2G , 5F ).................................. 3 2. F1 1.13 as long as scape, F2–F10 not crenulated, but somewhat convex ventrally; POD : OOD = 1.2. Laos ..................................................................................................... T. leleji Loktionov - F1 0.81 as long as scape, F2–F10 distinctly crenulated ventrally; POD : OOD = 1.42. Malaysia ...... T. bifasciatus Loktionov 3. Fore wing with subapical band. India , Myanmar , China ( Taiwan , Yunnan)...................... T. orientalis (Cameron) - Fore wing with apical band ( Figs 2G , 5F ).................................................................. 4 4. Apical band of fore wing narrow, not touching SMC 2 , crossvein cu-a clearly oblique to vein 1A . China ( Yunnan ).......................................................................................... T. nontuberatus Li & Ma - Apical band of fore wing broad, covering half or all of SMC 2 , crossvein cu-a almost vertical to vein 1A ( Figs 2G , 5F )..... 5 5. Head in frontal view with vertex produced above dorsal eye margin and raised between posterior ocelli; metapostnotum shallow, almost parallel-sided medially. Indonesia ( Sulawesi )................................... T. celebes Loktionov & Lelej - Head in frontal view with vertex slightly and roundly produced above dorsal eye margin ( Figs 2B , 5B ); metapostnotum depressed, emarginated postero-medially ( Figs 2F , 5E )........................................................ 6 6. POD : OOD = 1.15–1.3; hypopygium lateral margin with erect bristles basally ( Fig. 3F ); paramere narrow, stick-shaped ( Figs 3D, 3E ). Laos ............................................................................ T. lao Loktionov - POD : OOD = 1.5–2.0; hypopygium lateral margin without bristles basally ( Fig. 3C ); paramere broad, paddle-shaped ( Figs 3A, 3B )................................................................................................ 7 7. F1 length 1.45–1.52 times its maximum width and 0.8–0.93 times scape length, F9–11 with ventral depression, flattened ( Fig. 2E ); pterostigma length 3.16–3.28 times its height ( Fig. 2G ); apical part of volsella broad, oval-shaped, its ventral face along outer margin with few bristles ( Fig. 3A ). China ( Yunnan )........................... T. venarectus Song & Ma, sp. nov. - F1 length 2.2–2.4 times its maximum width and 1.0 times scape length, F9–11 normal ventrally; pterostigma length 5.2–6.5 times its height; apical part of volsella somewhat narrowed, elongated, its ventral face along outer and apical margins with long, erect, slightly curved bristles, ending at top with small ball. Laos ................................ T. kubani Loktionov

1. Dorsum of propodeum with dentate projection posterolaterally. Java .............................. T. bidentatus Haupt - Dorsum of propodeum posterolaterally without projection or with high or short projection but not dentate ( Figs 1F , 4F ).... 2 2. Fore wing with distinct milky-white apical portion........................................................... 3 - Fore wing with apical or subapical band, or markings, dark brown or light brown ( Figs 1H , 4G )....................... 5 3. Posterior ocelli very near to inner margin of eyes; fore wing with SMC2 receiving crossvein 1m-cu at basal 0.10 times its own length. China ( Taiwan) ................................................................... T. kanoi Yasumatsu - Posterior ocelli far from inner margin of eyes; fore wing with SMC2 receiving crossvein 1m-cu at basal 0.25–0.43 times its own length.............................................................................................. 4 4. F1 longer than scape and F2 respectively; dorsum of propodeum with postero-lateral corner distinctly tuberculate ( Fig. 4F ); fore wing partially darkened. Indonesia ( Sulawesi )........................................ T. celebes Loktionov & Lelej - F1 significantly shorter than scape and F2 respectively; dorsum of propodeum with postero-lateral corner somewhat convex; fore wing evenly darkened, including first submarginal cell. Indonesia (Lombok)............. T. rinjani Loktionov & Lelej 5. POD<OOD; posterior margin of pronotum distinctly angulate medially. China ( Taiwan) .............. T. esakii Yasumatsu - POD > OOD ; posterior margin of pronotum arcuate or slightly angulate medially................................... 6 6. Dorsum of propodeum without projection posterolaterally ( Fig. 1F )............................................. 7 Dorsum of propodeum with tuberculate projection posterolaterally ( Fig. 4F )..................................... 11 7. Fore wing with subapical band and outer margin hyaline ( Fig. 1H ).............................................. 8 - Fore wing with apical band or semitransparent markings largely ( Fig. 4G )....................................... 10 8. Clypeus moderately elevated, anterior border with broaden prominence and smooth bevel, truncate medially ( Figs 1B , 4B ).. ................................................................................................... 9 - Clypeus flat, anterior border very broaden and smooth, truncate medially. Sri Lanka ............... T. lucidulus (Saussure) 9. Eye narrower, half of MID 1.5–1.6 times eye width; ocelli located in right triangle. Japan .......... T. yasumatsui Ishikawa - Eye broad, half of MID 1.18–1.27 times eye width ( Fig. 1B ); ocelli located in acute triangle. China ( Yunnan )..................................................................................... T. venarectus Song & Ma, sp. nov. 10. Frons with inconspicuous and shallow median line; scape as long as F1; fore wing with light brown apical band and markings. China ( Yunnan ).................................................................... T. nontuberatus Li & Ma - Frons with conspicuous and deep median line; scape longer than F1; fore wing with semitransparent, dark brown markings largely. China ( Shanxi ).............................................................. T. alobscuratus Li & Ma 11. Vertex not raised medially and acutely inclined posteriorly; POD : OOD = 0.75. India , Myanmar , China ( Taiwan , Yunnan).................................................................................... T. orientalis (Cameron) - Vertex conspicuously convex medially and projected on posterior margin; POD : OOD = 1.25–2.2.................... 12 12. Clypeus with slightly depressed and translucent anterior rim; gena very narrow, in upper portion almost liner; POD : OOD = 2.2. Malaysia ........................................................................... T. clypeatus Loktionov - Clypeus without depressed and translucent anterior rim ( Figs 1B , 4B ); gena narrow, in upper portion not liner ( Figs 1D , 4C ); POD : OOD = 1.25–1.7................................................................................ 13 13. Scape as long as F1; POD : OOD = 1.25; disc of pronotum with transverse band of grayish pubescence along its anterior and posterior margins, and longitudinal median band of grayish pubescence. Malaysia ............... T. tomentosus Loktionov - Scape longer or shorter than F1; POD : OOD = 1.64–1.7; disc of pronotum without transverse or longitudinal bands of grayish pubescence ( Figs 1E , 4E ).............................................................................. 14 14. F1 length 5.0 times its maximum width, 1.22 times scape length, and 1.17 times UID; half of MID 1.0 times eye width ( Fig 4B ). Malaysia ......................................................................... T. malayensis Loktionov - F1 length 3.07–4.25 times its maximum width, 0.85–1.12 times scape length, and 0.65–0.71 times UID; half of MID 1.4–1.45 times eye width...................................................................................... 15 15. F1 length 4.25 times its maximum width and 1.12 times scape length; fore wing with apical band and three conspicuous, semitransparent, dark brown markings. China ( Yunnan ).................................... T. verticitumidus Li & Li - F1 length 3.07 times its maximum width and 0.85 times scape length; fore wing mostly brownish, with translucent areas on middle, SMC 1 and first and second cubital cells with whitish apical portion. Indonesia ( Sulawesi ).................................................................................................. T. sulawesi Loktionov & Lelej