Bioacoustics of Scaphura conspurcata

Figures 8 , 9 Redescription: Holotype female: Medium-sized species, predominantly testaceous, macropterous, and non-mimetic ( Fig. 8A ). Head: Fastigium of vertex triangular, not prominent, apex truncate, not fused with fastigium of frons. Fastigium of frons triangular, not prominent, apex truncate. Ocellus pale yellow, at center of fastigium of frons. Head with dark brown and testaceous spots, transition between frons and genae black with testaceous spots. Eyes rounded, less than one-third the size of head, uniformly brown-colored. Antennae filiform, bearing short setae its length; scape and pedicel blackish ( Fig. 8A, B, C ). Thorax: Pronotum: uniformly colored, as body. Pronotal disc concave; anterior margin straight, posterior margins convex. Lateral carinae not prominent. Lateral lobes wider than long; anterior margin concave, posterior margin convex, inferior margin sinuous ( Fig. 8B, C ). Tegmina: testaceous, with several brownish stains. Extending beyond the abdominal apex; apex rounded; costal and anal margins not parallel. Surface coriaceous and rugose due to a dense and prominent venation network. ScP vein long, nearly reaching the tegminal apex; R vein running almost parallel to ScP along its entire length; RP leaving R beyond the middle of the tegmen and branching distally; RA unbranched. M vein sinuous, directed toward the anal margin, lacking major ramifications or extensions towards the anal field ( Fig. 8A ). Stridulatory area trapezoidal, of same coloration as rest of tegmen, with a wrinkled texture. Hind wings: Exceeding the tegminal apex in length. Uniformly brownish, slightly smoky, and translucent, with coloration very similar to tegmina. Darker in the radial sector. Mesobasisternum: Triangular, with anterior margin slightly concave; lateral lobes demilune-shaped, meeting along midline. Metabasisternum: Triangular, anterior margin convex; lateral lobes slender, not contiguous medially. Legs: Uniformly brown. Fore femur distinctly broadened throughout its length. Abdomen: Uniformly dark brown, without spots or any distinct color pattern, and with no color difference between dorsal and ventral regions ( Fig. 8A ). Tergite X rounded, bearing few setae along posterior margin. Terminalia: Cerci straight, of uniform width, bearing numerous yellowish setae. Subgenital plate triangular. Ovipositor dark brown, curved upwards at approximately 110°, with spiniform crenulations along both dorsal and ventral margins, covered with spiniform projections on the valval surfaces from mid-length onwards ( Fig. 8D ).