Bioacoustics of Nesonotus caeruloglobus

Description. Head. Figs. 16, 17 . Antennae about twice as long as length of body, scape with a distinct spine. Head wide, slightly narrower than pronotum. Face carina lateralis interna distinct in the basal half of the frons, not bulging on the basis. Face carina lateralis externa distinct from below the eyes to the mandibles. Cuticle of head smooth, not wrinkled. Fastigium of vertex: from above with basal bulges harboring lateral ocelli separated by a furrow, apex pointing, hardly reaching the scrobae; apex up curved in side view. Space between eyes about 1.5 times as wide as the wider diameter of eye. Eyes rounded, salient. Thorax. Fig 17 . Pronotum with numerous tubercles in the discus; lateral lobes with shallow tubercles, lateral lobes mesozona wrinkled; anterior transversal sulcus shallow, distinct in the discus only; posterior transversal sulcus deep, well distinct in the discus and the lateral lobes; short deep sagittal sulcus crossing the posterior transversal sulcus in the middle; discus anterior margin convex; posterior margin of the discus with a shallow median concavity; lateral lobe ventral margin strongly rimmed. Thoracic auditory opening ovoid, well distinct. Prosternum with long divergent spines. Legs. Fore coxae dorsally with anteriorly directed long spine. F1: rounded dorsally; with distinct ventral carinae; inner (anterior) carina with 3–4 spines; outer (posterior) carina unarmed. F2 rounded dorsally; with distinct ventral carinae; outer (anterior) carina with 4 spines; inner (posterior) carina unarmed. F3 with 6–8 spines in the ventral carina. All genicular lobes armed on both sides except F1 outer (posterior) and F2 outer (anterior) genicular lobes. T1 squared in cross section, with well distinct carinae; tibia enlarged after the tympanal area; tympanal organ orifices equals, opened dorsally; both dorsal carinae unarmed; inner (anterior) ventral carina with 6–7 (usually 6) subapical spurs; outer (posterior) ventral carina with 6 subapical spurs. T2 with 6 subapical spurs on both ventral carinae. T3 squared in cross section; with 6–8 inner (posterior) ventral subapical spurs; with 9–10 outer (anterior) ventral subapical spurs; with 8–11 inner (posterior) dorsal subapical spines; with 3–5 outer (anterior) dorsal subapical spines. Wings. Well developed; exceeding distinctly the abdomen and hind knees. FW: large cells fully filled with fine veinlet nets except on the basis of the coastal area with middle sized cells free of veinlets ( Fig. 18 ). Abdomen: dorsal surface of tergites not modified. Male . Wings. Figs. 19–21 . Left FW mirror opaque, with nets of veinlets in the distal posterior margin; about 1.7 times as high (maximal height) as wide (maximal width). File with ca. 125 lamellar teeth ( Fig. 21 ). Terminalia. Figs. 22–23 . Subgenital plate symmetrical, with parallel lateral sides; with shallow posterior V-shaped emargination; with long styli. Cerci up-curved, with a terminal spine, with a large basal bulge (figs. 22–24), without long projection. Female . Terminalia. Figs. 25–26 . Ovipositor almost strait; regularly narrowing toward apex. Subgenital plate not modified, triangular; longer than wide, with a short narrow notch. Lateral sclerites ovoid, strongly concavous. Body Head Pronotum Tibia Femora FW O I II III I II III III L L W L W H L L L L L L W L L H ♂ Holotype 49.5 4.6 7.3 10.3 8.9 6.8 11.7 13.7 22.4 12.6 12.8 23.7 5.4 42.5 ♀ Allotype 51.2 6.8 8.4 10.5 9.2 7.0 13.6 14.6 26.1 14.8 14.9 25.4 5.6 51.0 23.3 4.1 ♂ average (n=4) 46.2 4.8 7.6 10.4 8.5 6.4 11.7 13.4 22.3 12.5 12.5 23.3 5.5 43.0 ♂ min 43.7 4.5 7.3 9.7 7.6 6.2 11.0 11.9 20.8 11.6 12.1 22.4 5.0 41.0 ♂ max 49.5 5.2 8.0 11.0 9.2 6.8 12.1 14.4 23.0 13.2 12.8 24.1 6.0 46.0 ♀ Paratype 47.5 5.6 8.2 10.3 9.4 6.1 14.0 15.5 26.5 14.7 14.9 26.3 5.9 49.0 20.6 4.1 Color. Eyes blue in living specimens. Brown; head usually with black pattern below the eyes, on imprinted points, clypeus suture, occiput, pronotum carinae, lateral lobe mesozona, apex of spines and spurs (figs. 16, 17). FW veins and veinlets light brown, cells darkened, particularly large cells without veinlets on the costal field. HW: slightly infumated. Male anal field darkened, file black. Ovipositor apex darkened. Bioacoustics. Fig. 27–30 . Nesonotus caeruloglobus Hugel , n. sp. sings by night hours, from the undergrowth to the canopy. The call consists of long (> 1 min) relatively regular repetitions of verses. At 26°C, verses are repeated at a frequency of 0.99±0.1 verse/s (verse duration: 41.5±1.2 ms). Verses are formed by two syllables (first syllable duration: 7.9±0.3 ms with 4.7±0.1 trains of waves; second syllable duration: 24.3±1.2 ms with 12.9±0.1 trains of waves; inter syllable interval: 9.2±0.3 ms). The frequency peaks between 14–16 kHz. As N. reticulatus , N. caeruloglobus Hugel , n. sp. produces tremulations independent to the song production (Stumpner et al. in press).