Bioacoustics of Marcgraviella muriciensis

Description . In addition to the characters of the genus: Head: Occiput medium brown, with bristles ( Fig. 1 C). Vertex and fastigium light brown with thick bristles, mainly on its median part ( Figs. 1 A, C). Eyes with unpigmented area on supero-internal margin ( Fig. 1 C, F). Antennal scape medium brown ( Figs. 1 A–C). Antenomeres medium to dark brown, with interspersed light brown antenomeres; generally few lighter and several darker ones. Fastigium longer than wide, below vertex level ( Figs. 1 C, D, E). Head dorsum with a wide ivory band between the eyes, surrounding the lateral ocellus, circling the eyes, and reaching the mandible from the distal part of the lower angle of the eyes (Figs, 1 D–F). Mandible dark brown with medium brown spots (Figs, 1D, E). In frontal view, frons with a light brown stripe between two dark brown bands; presence of a light brown band going from the basis of each antennal scape to the clypeus. Clypeus light brown on a dark brown background. Labrum light brown. Maxillary palpi light brown; distal portion of fifth joint light brown, its apex whitish ( Figs. 1 E, F). Thorax: Disk of pronotum with several sparse, small dark spots on a medium brown background, darkening towards lateral borders; presence of hard bristles, mainly on cephalic margin ( Figs. 1 A, C). Cephalic margin almost straight; caudal margin slightly convex ( Figs. 1 A, C). Lateral lobes dark brown. Legs: Legs I and II light brown. Femur II light brown on its proximal part to medium brown on distal part; tibia II medium brown. Proximal part of inner face of posterior femur whitish to brown towards the distal part. Posterior legs very elongated, twice longer than the body length. Posterior femur thin and elongated, the ventral portion whitish and the dorsum light brown on outer face ( Fig. 1 N). Posterior tibia medium brown, serrulated ( Fig. 1 O). Subapical spurs: four subapical spurs on each face, the distal one smaller on both faces; on inner face, distal spur located near the upper apical spur. Apical spurs more developed on inner face; inner and outer apical spurs: median one longer, dorsal sub-equal in length, ventral one smaller (2>3>1) on both faces ( Fig.1 O). Basitarsus elongated, bearing a double file of spines and two apical spurs, same color as tibia. Abdomen: Abdomen medium brown, whitish in the area below tegmina ( Fig. 1 A). Sternites dark brown. Cerci medium brown. Supra anal plate shield-shaped; anterior margin slightly concave, lateral ones constricted on median portion and posterior one rounded ( Fig. 1 H). Subgenital plate wider than long, medium to dark brown; anterior margin concave and posterior one rounded with a bilobate apex ( Fig. 1 J). Male. Tegmina not coriaceous, thin, reaching the fifth tergite; dorsal venation inconspicuous ( Fig. 2 D); stridulatory file with 17 teeth; no other specialized areas are present in the right wing; left wing membranous, semitransparent. Male genitalia . Bearing phallic glands within the pseudepiphallic sclerite ( Figs. 2 B, 3B). Pseudepiphallic sclerite garnished with two dorsal tubular pseudepiphallic arms, with an apical opening duct; its distal half curving towards the apical part of the phallic complex and its apex pointed, without teeth ( Figs. 2 A–C, 3A–B). Pseudepiphallic arms opposite, crossing each other in the median part of the pseudepiphallic sclerite ( Figs. 2 A, 3A). Pseudepiphallic parameres well developed, almost vertical, developing two membranous lobes (basal concave and apical elongated) and partially sclerotized: the sclerotization limited to borders (in dorsal view) and ventral part of the parameres ( Figs. 2 A–C, 3A–B). Endophallic sclerite located deep in a median ventral slit, with low sclerotization and extending until the basis of the pseudepiphallic parameres ( Fig. 2 B). Endophallic sclerite with a wide sclerotized lateral projection, forming the wall of the slit and separating the endophallic sclerite from the membranous and glandular area of the phallic complex ( Fig. 3 B). Female: Larger than male ( Fig. 1 B). Dorsum of the head and disk of pronotum covered by pilosity and bristles ( Figs. 1 B, F). General coloration darker than male, mainly the head and disk of pronotum ( Figs. 1 B, F); all legs darker than male’s legs, banded with light brown and medium brown stripes ( Fig. 1 B). Abdomen pilose, medium to dark brown ( Fig. 1 B). Tegmina very reduced, vestigial. Supra anal plate same as male ( Fig. 1 I). Subgenital plate small, posterior margin bilobate ( Fig. 1 K). Ovipositor as in Figs. L, M. Female genitalia. Copulatory papilla drop-shaped, sclerotized, as in Fig. 3 C–E. Measurements (in mm). Male (n=1): BL, 10.15; Hw, 2.9; iod, 1.5; Lpron, 1.2; awpron, 2.4; pwpron, 2.8; LFW, 5.9; wFW, 3.4; LFIII, 13.8; wFIII, 2.38; LTIII, 17.3; wTIII, 0.4; LtarsI-III, 5.39. Females (n=6): BL, 16.97 (16.34 – 18.41); Hw, 3.69 (3.35 – 4.15); iod, 1.71 (1.3 – 1.9); Lpron, 2.28 (1.9 – 2.6); awpron, 3.16 (2.4 – 3.6); pwpron, 4.14 (3.5 – 4.8); LFIII, 17.5 (13.96 – 19.84); wFIII, 3.57 (2.3 – 4.36); LTIII, 18.79 (15.39 – 22.85); LtarsI-III, 5.42 (4.44 – 6.66); OL, 15.71 (13.17 – 17.4). Acoustic behaviour. Not documented. Habitat. Marcgraviella muriciensis Souza-Dias , n. sp. has been collected at night in leaf litter and the specimens were observed next to small cavities at ground level.