Bioacoustics of Luzarida lata

Description of female ( Figs. 1, 3–13 ). Head dark brown with seven yellow longitudinal stripes in vertex, the median one shorter and narrower ( Fig. 5 ). Occiput, vertex and fastigium with fine pubescence and some long bristles. Eyes black outlined of light brown. Three ocelli arranged in triangle, the lateral ones slightly closer; median ocellus located at the apex of fastigium. Antenna brown; scape with a light yellow spot dorsally ( Fig. 5 ); flagellum banded white ( Figs. 1, 3–4 ). Clypeus and labrum brown with whitish portions. Palpi brown, whitish at apex; third segment of labial palpus rounded at apex; fifth segment of maxillary palpus with apical oblique truncation ( Fig. 6 ). Thorax brown; anterior margin of pronotum with long bristles; pronotal disc with several light yellow and light brown spots ( Fig. 5 ); pronotal lateral lobes blackish ( Fig. 7 ), ascending anterior portion visible dorsally ( Fig. 5 ). Legs dark brown; tibia I with a light brown median ring; tympanum present in both faces, oval and subequal in size; tibia II with median proximal region mixed light yellow and brown portions; femur III dark brown with portions clearer and a proximal light yellow spot in inner face; tibia III brown with a dark brown ring in proximal portion; four dorsal spurs and three apical ones on both faces of tibiae III; tarsomere I with two rows of denticles. Tegmina covering the first four tergites; dorsal field brown with six yellow veins connected by abundant reticulation; lateral field darker than dorsal one with four veins well-marked; radial vein whitish ( Fig. 8 ). Hindwings absent. Abdomen from light brown to dark brown; distal margin of supra-anal plate rounded ( Fig. 9 ); distal margin of subgenital plate v-shaped ( Fig. 10 ). Ovipositor brown, shorter than femur III, straight, ventral valves slightly longer than the dorsal ones. Cerci yellow. Copulatory papilla ( Figs. 11–13 ) cone-shaped with rounded apex; proximal margin with v-shaped notch, seen in dorsal view ( Fig. 11 ). Additional observations in males. Subgenital plate with v-shaped margin. Stridulatory file of right tegmen with 68–74 teeth (n=6). Left tegmen without stridulatory file. Genitalia showed at Figs. 14–16 . Habitat and male calling perches. Males and females live in litter. Males stridulated in trees trunks, between 30 and 70 cm , positioned perpendicular to the ground ( Fig. 17 ). Some specimens were found stridulating on dry leaves and twigs ( Fig. 18 ). Calling song (n=6, 23.7–25.3°C): pulses emitted with inter-pulse interval rather variable; three temporal patterns ( Figs. 19–21 ): a) pulses almost regularly separated ( Fig. 19 ); b) pulses irregularly separated but without clear groups ( Fig. 20 ); c) pulses irregularly separated forming groups of two, three or four pulses ( Fig. 21 ). In some sound files it was found two of these temporal patterns in sequence ( Fig. 22 ). Pulse duration of 22.87 ± 2.09 ms (20–27, n=60) and inter-pulse interval of 159.07 ± 88.09 ms (38–364, n=54). The frequency band ranged from 2.2 to 3.3 kHz (n=6) with a dominant frequency of 2.75 ± 0.14 kHz (2.6–2.9, n=6). Pulse rate ranged from 2.56 to 26.32 pulses/s, depending on temporal pattern analyzed. Mostly active at night, rarely heard during the daytime.