Bioacoustics of Hyperomerus almeirina

Description. Chromatic standard. ( Fig. 1 A–B) The entire body is covered with reddish brown or dark brown macules. A distinct black or dark brown band extends dorsally from the fastigium of vertex to the IX abdominal tergite. Two order slightly lighter and irregular bands appear in each side of abdomen. Head. Fastigium of vertex with truncate apex, continuous with fastigium of front and dorsal area smooth; the eyes are little and rounded; the frons and genae smooth, but the multiple irregular macules make them appear rough ( Fig. 1 C). Thorax. Pronotum produced posteriorly, covering most/all of the short wings. Cephalic margin of pronotal disk truncate, caudal margin sub-rounded. Cephalic margin of lateral lobes of pronotum obtuse, ventro-cephalic angle a little obtuse, caudal margin sinuous, covering most of the humeral sinus. Prosternum bearing two long spines. Legs. All genicular lobes of the anterior and the external mid femora without spines, provided with a blunt tooth. All of the others are armed with little spine. Lower margin of anterior femur has two spines internally and none externally. Lower portion of fore tibia presents six spurs (articulate spines) on each margin. Mid femur has three spines on ventro-external border and unarmed internally. Middle tibia with 8–9 spurs on ventro-external margin and six internally. Dorsal portion bearing a single minute spine internally, externally smooth. Lower portion of hind femur armed with 2–4 spines internally and 6–7 externally. Hind tibia above with 12 spines internally and 14–16 externally, ventrally with 6–8 little spurs on external margin and 4–5 on the inner one. Wings. Tegmina extremely short, rudimentary, reaching only the beginning of the first abdominal tergite, almost or completely covered by the caudal margin of pronotal disk, with a few veins and dark brown coloration for all the border ( Fig. 1 D). The stridulatory file on the left tegmen has 275 microscopic teeth ( Fig. 1 E). The posterior wings are very delicate and extremely reduced, with hyaline coloration and stay completely covered by the little tegmina. Abdomen. Tenth tergite emarginated and bifid ( Fig. 1 F). The subgenital plate is long, basally broad, and narrower at apex, which is deeply emarginated, provide with two little styles apically. The emarginations are very close to each other ( Fig. 1 G). Cerci very short ( Table 1 ). The cercus compressed projection is very reduced and broad, with the inner border darker than the rest of the cercus and denticulate ( Fig. 1 H–J); the basal digitate process of the cercus is short, slender and hyaline, formed by two segments (Arrow Fig. 1 H). Phallic complex provided with a pair of very slender and up curved titillatory processes, each one ending in a titillator’s sclerite provided with a unique spine; and two sclerites of ventral fold of dorsal lob longer than broad ( Fig. 2 A–B)—in Montealegre-Z & Morris (2003) this structure was called sclerotized area . Ejaculatory vesicles are ovoid. On the anterior portion of dorsal lobe there are two slender and membranous processes that here we call membranous processes of dorsal lobe (Fig; 2C–D).