Bioacoustics of Homoeomma

Description Small to medium-sized spiders (15.44–46.85). Carapace longer than wide, with fovea procurved. Chelicera without rastellum, with prolateral row of larger teeth and small basal grouping of smaller teeth (except in males of H. montanum and H. villosum ); intercheliceral tumescence absent in all species. Eye tubercle wider than long, with anterior row of eyes procurved and posterior row recurved. Narrow clypeus. Labium wider than long, with large variation in number of cuspules ca . 10–100, occupying apical third. Maxillae with ca . 30–100 cuspules concentrated at basal prolateral portion. Sternum circular or oval, longer than wide, with one to three pairs of elongated sigilla. Stridulatory apparatus absent. Metatarsi with apical ventral scopula, divided or not by median longitudinal rows of larger setae. Anterior scopula wider than posterior ones. Tarsi with entire ventral surface scopulated, divided or not by median longitudinal rows of large setae. All tarsi without spines and present well-developed subungual tufts. Upper tarsal claws present on all pedal tarsi, with median row of teeth. Inferior tarsal claws absent. Two pairs of spinnerets. Posterior middle spinnerets unsegmented, short. Posterior lateral spinnerets three-segmented, with a digitiform apical segment. Abdomen with a rounded dorsal area of urticating hairs. Urticating setae type III present in all males and females. Urticating setae type IV present in males of H. villosum , H. uruguayense , H. toriyamai , H. minimum , H. poqui , H. espinozai , H. chilensis and H. orellanai and in females of H. familiare , H. brasilianum , H. elegans , H. montanum , H. uruguayense , H. villosum , H. toriyamai , H. minimum and H. poqui . In other species, type IV setae may be absent or detached. Males have an palpal bulb embolus with strong torsion; thick embolus, with an angle close to 90º in relation to main axis of bulb, PS keel present and PI keel present or not. Tegular apophysis at base of bulb with a length that exceeds base width. Bilobed cymbium, with larger retrolateral lobe than prolateral one. Tibial apophysis with single base, smaller prolateral branch and larger retrolateral branch. Metatarsus I may have a basal nodule, folding between branches of tibial apophysis, touching the apex or median part of the branches. Females have spermathecae with two receptacles that are not constricted at the apex and divided by an unsclerotized basal semicircular membrane (except in H. familiare , in which this membrane is absent).