Bioacoustics of Caryanda

Generic diagnosis. Body small sized. Pronotum with posterior margin incised in middle, median carina weakly indicated, lateral carina absent. Tegmina scale-like, laterally situated. Hind femora with lower genicular lobes spined. Hind tibiae cylindrical, not expanded in apical half, external apical spines present. In male, furculae horizontally present or rarely absent on hind margin of 10th abdominal tergite; subgenital plate moderately conical; epiphallus with bridge divided in the middle. In present paper, three new Caryanda species completely match the generic diagnosis well with a newly discovered male of Caryanda gulinensis Zheng, Shi & Chen, 1994 were described and illustrated in color, named Caryanda bicornuta Mao et Yin sp. nov. , Caryanda yuanyangensis Mao et Yin sp. nov. and Caryanda shizongensis Mao et Song sp. nov. .

Key to the species and subspecies of Caryanda tamdaoensis species-group 1. Hind tibiae entirely black in male or blue in female; posterior margin of female subgenital plate concave in middle with two obtuse dentes.............................................................. C. nigrotibia Mao, Xu & Li, 2017 - Hind tibiae blue except base black in both sexes; posterior margin of female subgenital plate not as above.............. 2 2. Hind femora partially red and partially yellow; outer lophi of epiphallus parallelogram in posterior view................ 3 - Hind femora mainly green; outer lophi of epiphallus triangular in posterior view, distally tapering..................... 5 3. Hind femora with yellowish green basal half and reddish apical half in both sexes; posterior margin of female subgenital plate roundly projected at the middle; apical valves of penis and cingular valves long, curved upward, S-shaped....................................................................................... C. tamdaoensis Storozhenko, 1992 - Hind femora either yellowish brown (rare grayish green) or almost red in both sexes; female subgenital plate with posterior margin undulated, medially concaved with two blunt teeth; apical valves of penis and cingular valves relatively short, curved upward, but not S-shaped............................................................................... 4 4. Body size larger, body length 21–23 mm in male or 27–30 mm in female; hind femora yellowish brown (rare grayish green) without any red or pink parts in both sexes.................. C. azurea azurea Gorochov & Storozhenko, 1994 , stat. nov. - Body size smaller, body length 17.7–17.9 mm in male or 20.7 mm in female; hind femora almost red but base yellowish green in both sexes.............................................. C. azurea colourfula Mao, Ren & Ou, 2011 , stat. nov. 5. Abdominal tergites darkish green with 2 black longitudinal stripes in male; hind femora with 3/5 basal parts yellowish green and the apical 2/5 orange; female subgenital plate with posterior margin roundly projected at the middle...................................................................................... C. zhenyuanensis Mao, Xu & Li, 2017 - Abdominal tergites black with 3 yellow longitudinal stripes in male; hind femora green with or without a yellow preapical ring in male, or green with or without a red preapical ring in female; female subgenital plate broad, near rectangular, median area concaved, posterior margin nearly straight but weakly excised near both sides....................................................................................................... C. hongheensis Mao, Yin & Song, sp. nov.