Bioacoustics of Caipira

Description. Total body length ~ 1.1–1.4; carapace width 0.50–0.60. AME either present ( C. mineira ) or strongly reduced to absent ( C. baiana ). Legs relatively short: male tibia 1 length 0.8–1.1; female tibia 1 length: 0.7–1.0; male tibia 1 L / d : 13–15. Color (in ethanol) mostly whitish to pale ochre-yellow, with pair of darker ochre marks on carapace; sternum monochromous whitish; legs either without darker rings ( C. mineira ) or with rings on femora and tibiae ( C. baiana ); abdomen either monochromous ( C. mineira ) or with distinct white marks ( C. baiana ). Ocular area barely raised. Thoracic groove shallow (Fig. 9 a, b). Male clypeus either unmodified ( C. mineira ) or with pair of short rounded processes near margin and many strong hairs directed upwards ( C. baiana ; Fig. 17 a). Sternum wider than long, unmodified. Abdomen globular. ALS either with eight spigots each ( C. mineira ; Fig. 10 b – e) or with only two spigots each ( C. baiana ; not studied with SEM ; based on cleared female abdomen observed in compound microscope). Gonopore in C. mineira with four epiandrous spigots arranged in two pairs (arrows in Fig. 9 f); not studied in C. baiana . Male chelicerae with pair of distal pointed apophyses directed towards median, and pair of proximal lateral sclerotized humps (Figs 7 a, b, 17 b, c); without stridulatory ridges (Fig. 9 d). Male palps either with strongly widened femur ( C. mineira ; Fig. 5 ) or with much smaller femur with distinct prolateral-ventral sclerotized apophysis ( C. baiana ; arrow in Fig. 15 a); condyles of tibia-tarsus joints either shifted towards prolateral ( C. mineira ) or towards retrolateral ( C. baiana ); tarsus with prolateral-ventral process at basis of procursus (arrows in Figs 6 b, 16 b); procursus distally with heavily sclerotized element with pointed tips (Figs 6 a – c, 16 a – c); genital bulb slightly elongated and medially constricted, with prolateral-dorsal protruding flap or ridge (arrows in Figs 6 d, e, 16 d, e), sperm duct opening distally on bulb (arrows in Fig. 11 a, c). Legs without spines, without curved hairs. With sexually dimorphic short ‘ vertical’ hairs on male tibia 1 only (Fig. 13 a). Ventrally on metatarsi 3 and 4 with slender hairs (Fig. 12 a – d) as described recently in Ninetinae and ‘ other Arteminae ’ (now Physocyclinae subfam. nov. ) ( Huber et al. 2023 a , Huber et al. 2024 b ). Retrolateral trichobothria on leg tibiae in very distal position (male tibia 1: at ~ 50–60 % of tibia length); prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1, present on tibiae 2–4. No tarsal pseudosegmentation visible (also in SEM and in compound microscope). Tarsus 4 distally with two comb-hairs on prolateral side (arrows in Fig. 13 f; studied in C. mineira only). Main and median tarsal claws as typical for family.