Bioacoustics of Theridion ganjiangyuan

Diagnosis The newly-identified species exhibits a resemblance to Theridion submirabile Zhu & Song, 1993 ( Zhu 1998 : fig. 81 A-F; Yang 2019 : figs. 105 and 106) due to the similarity in abdominal patterns observed in both male and female specimens. However, the male can be distinguished by the following characteristics: (1) the median apophysis (MA) points to the 2 o'clock direction (Fig. 3 C) in contrast to the MA of T. submirabile which points to the 1 o'clock direction ( Yang 2019 : fig. 105 b); (2) the theridiid tegular apophysis (TTA) has its upper edge arranged in a row (Fig. 3 B), whereas the TTA of T. submirabile features micro protrusions ( Yang 2019 : fig. 105 d); (3) the embolus (E) directs towards the upper prolateral, as opposed to the embolus of T. submirabile , which initially points horizontally to the right before curving upwards ( Yang 2019 : fig. 105 b). In terms of female specimens, distinguishing features include: (1) the atrium (A) is wider and nearly round compared to the less distinct A of T. submirabile ( Yang 2019 : fig. 106 b); (2) the copulatory opening (CO) is centrally located and very close together (Fig. 4 A) unlike the CO of T. submirabile , which is situated on both sides of the centre ( Yang 2019 : fig. 106 b); (3) the length of the copulatory duct (CD) and the width of the copulatory opening (CO) have many differences and shorter (Fig. 4 B), in contrast to the longer and more pronounced CD observed in T. submirabile ( Yang 2019 : fig. 106 c).