Bioacoustics of Taranucnus beskidicus

Description . Male ( holotype ). Total body length 2.63. Сarapace: 1.27 long, 1.08 wide; dorsally yellow, laterally darker (yellow-brown with grey), with a narrow grey margin. Elevated head region, brown-yellow with rows of macrosetae, converging from posterior eyes to fovea (longest scattered between posterior medial eyes); anterior lateral eyes are the largest; all eyes black bordered; distance between posterior median eyes ≈ 2 diameters ( Figs 4–6 , 14 ). Sternum: 0.67 long, 0.59 wide, covered with long thin erect setae (hairs), suffused with brown, and extended between coxae IV. Labium is gray, maxilla yellow-brown. Сhelicerae: 0.75, yellow, with stridulating files; anterior cheliceral furrow margin with three large teeth, posterior margin with five small ones; anterior side of the chelicerae with macrosetae. Abdomen is ventrally dark grey and dorsally pale grey with a black pattern. Legs yellow; FeI—1d: 1pl; FeII—1d; FeIII—1d; TiI—2d: 1pl: 1rl: 2v ; TiII—2d: 1rl: 1v ; TiIII– IV—2 d; MtI– IV—1 d; the position of metatarsal trichobothrium (I–III): 0.18–0.19 ( Table 1 ). Pedipalpal patella short, bearing a long and bent dorsal spine. Tibia unmodified, with numerous macrosetae. Retrobasal region of cymbium with broad and curved dorsally apophysis, its apex with three-lobed edge and covered with macrosetae. Long lateral (mesal) apophysis as an extension of mesal cymbial brim; with long macrosetae. Dorsal surface of the lateral apophysis extending in an insignificant sclerotized ledge, which ends as a denticle, not reaching the distal sharpened tip of the apophysis ( Fig. 3 ). Paracymbium U-shaped: proximal part thickened, with bifurcate tip bearing macrosetae; distal tip widened into a flat rounded and strongly sclerotized plate. Subtegulum elongated, with apophysis frontally. A large and flat embolic membrane gradually twisted in the loop, arising between median apophysis and radix, and ending next to the apical part of cymbium. Embolus no longer than embolic membrane, gradually tapering to a thread-like tip. Radix with two apophyses of complex configuration: anterior (first) apophysis hook-like, second apophysis with median and mesal teeth (on the frontal view). Distal suprategular apophysis relatively long and wide ( Figs 7–9 , 15–17 ). Female ( paratype ). Total length 2.92. Сarapace: 1.2 long, 1.10 wide; dorsally yellow, laterally darker (yellow-brown with grey); with narrow grey margin; all eyes black bordered; posterior median eyes a diameter apart, only anterior median eyes slightly smaller than others. Sternum: 0.74 long, 0.66 wide, covered with long thin erect setae (hairs), suffused with brown, and extended between coxae IV. Labium gray, maxilla yellow-brown. Сhelicerae: 0.64, yellow, with thin stridulating files; anterior cheliceral furrow margin with three large, and posterior with five tiny teeth; anterior side of chelicerae with macrosetae. Abdomen ventrally dark grey, dorsally pale grey with black pattern ( Fig. 18 ). Legs yellow; FeI—1d:1pl; FeII—1d; FeIII—1d; TiI—2d: 1pl: 1rl: 1v ; TiII—2d: 1rl: 1v ; TiIII– IV—2 d; MtI– IV—1 d; position of metatarsal trichobothrium (I–III): 0.16–0.18 ( Table 2 ). Epigynum is wide and protruding. Edge of the anterior wall of epigynal cavity with triangular cut ( Figs 10–11 , 19 ). Сopulatory ducts long, form the loops; transparent and almost invisible. Well visualized only thin, slightly spirally twisted copulatory ducts leading to the massive spermathecae ( Figs 13 , 21 ). Fertilization ducts short, anteriorly orientated ( Fig. 12 ). Variation: female carapace length varies from 1.26–1.28; female total body length ranges from 2.87 to 2.92 (n = 2). Habitat . Un-vegetated deposit beds of mountain streams in fir-beech forest, formed of gravels, boulders and finer sediments bordering the shores of the stream and forming stream islands.