Bioacoustics of Tapiena paraincisa

Description. Habitus as shown in Fig. 1A , typical of genus. Head with length circa 0.4 times of pronotum length ( Fig. 1B ). Fastigium narrowly triangular, short, feebly surpassing anterior apex of eyes in dorsal view; furrowed longitudinally and with a transverse median sulcus in the middle; anterior of sulcus distinctly narrower than antennal scapus and pedicel (uncharacteristic of the genus), posterior of sulcus wider than antennal scapus; with apex roundly truncated ( Fig. 1B ). Eye prominent; median ocellus prominent, round and large ( Fig. 1C ). Frons slightly punctuated ( Fig. 1C ); dorsum of head ( Fig. 1B ) and genae ( Fig. 1D ) densely punctuated. Pronotum circa 1.3 times longer than wide, densely punctuated ( Figs. 1B, 1D ). Dorsal plate with anterior margin straight; lateral margins straight and nearly parallel (feebly diverging posteriorly); posterior margin broadly rounded, feebly notched in the middle; hind lobe after middle, separated by shallow suture; longitudinal furrow absent ( Fig. 1B ). Lateral keel present. Lateral lobe circa as tall as long; ventral margin short, and posterior margin substraight, anterior margin slightly sinuous ( Fig. 1D ). Thoracic auditory spiracle [= thoracic foramen] broadly elongated, covered by pronotal lateral lobe ( Fig. 1D ). Prosternum unarmed. Mesosternum triangular with subacute apex; metasternum rectangular with anterior angle obtusely rounded, posterior angle 90° and rounded. Tegmen and hind wing fully developed. Tegmen with anterior and posterior margins feebly convex, widens in the middle before tapering to rounded apex; appears punctuated with many small transparent cells. Tegminal venation: Costal vein (Cu) present but not distinct ( Fig. 1E ). Radius sector (Rs) originates before middle, with fork longer than stem ( Fig. 1A ). Hind wing with apex distinctively projecting beyond tegmen; exposed apex with dorsal and ventral margins straight and tapering to a subacute apex ( Fig. 1A ). Legs generally with very short and fine setae ( Fig. 1D ). Fore coxa with distinct, long, slightly curved spine ( Fig. 1D ). Fore tibia with external tympanum open, oval; internal tympanum slit covered by large conchate swelling ( Fig. 1D ). Hind femur with genicular lobe rounded, without any spine. Male. Stridulatory file of left tegmen crescent-shaped, 2.6 mm in length ( Figs. 1E, 1F ); area around file not swollen; file with circa 52 per mm teeth in the middle; teeth densely and evenly spaced elongated (more closely packed at the sides than in the middle) ( Fig. 1F ). Tenth abdominal tergite simple, with little or no modification, without tooth or long process apically; with posterior margin emarginated laterally; in the middle swollen, deeply and narrowly notched ( Figs. 1G, 1H ). Epiproct concealed beneath tenth abdominal tergite ( Fig. 1I ). Cercus long, cylindrical and setose (especially towards the apex), modified at the apex, mostly substraight, bent fairly acutely at the apex; apex sclerotized, with two lamellate teeth of subacute apices; larger apical tooth blade-shaped, smaller tooth originating base of apical tooth, triangular ( Figs. 1H, 1J ). Subgenital plate anteriorly very wide, tapering sharply into a narrow apical half; with anterior margin concave; with posterior margin deeply and roundly excised in the middle, laterally extended into two long and narrow lobes; styli relatively short, longer than half of length apical lobe but shorter than half of length of subgenital plate, tapering into an obtuse apex ( Fig. 1K ). Female. Unknown. Colouration. Generally green when alive ( Fig. 1A ). Head, including frontal rostrum and frons, generally green; dorsum of head with tint of yellow green. Gena pale green; mouth parts, including maxillary palps and mandibles, yellow green. Antennal scapus dark red brown; pedicel red brown. Behind each eye with a yellow stripe that extend to the lateral keel of pronotum. Pronotum green, with yellow stripe along lateral keel. Tegmen green. Hind wings hyalinous, with exposed part green. Fore and middle legs green: fore femur near knee and fore tibia around tympanal area slightly red brown. Hind legs, including tarsi, unicolourous green; knee faintly brown. Thoracic segments green; abdominal segments pale or yellow green; abdominal apex mostly pale green to slightly pale yellow green, subgenital plate and cercus pale green. Measurements ( holotype , in mm). BL = 22.1; BWL = 37.9; PL = 5.3; PW = 4.1; TL = 30.3; HWT = 3.8; HFL = 14.1; HTL = 14.8.