Bioacoustics of Synaptonecta issa

Diagnosis This species belongs to genus Synaptonecta , based on the antenna with three antennomeres; the scutellum not entirely covered by the pronotum; the acute hemelytral apex (Fig. 1 A); the absence of a mesosternal carina; the short methaxyphus (Fig. 1 C and F); and the male abdomen with dextral asymmetry, with a small strigil on the right side (Fig. 1 B). Synaptonecta issa can be distinguished by the shapes of the male parameres, which are asymmetrical and depressed dorsoventrally (Fig. 1 D and E). The right paramere (Fig. 1 E) is elongated and digitiform, about 1.5 times longer than the left one. It is thicker at the basal third, followed by a constriction, then slightly widened at the apical two-thirds. The basal third has a ventral projection with longitudinal stridulatory lines at the lateral area. The mesal margin displays an almost 90 ° angle between the first and second thirds, while the lateral margin is convex and the apex acute. The left paramere (Fig. 1 D) is small, rounded at the basal third, then strongly constricted, with the apical third clavate.