Bioacoustics of Safrina grandis

Description . Male. Length 19−25 mm . Dark reddish brown to black, with dark green reflection, at least on elytra, tibiae reddish brown with darker teeth. Body elongate-ovate: pronotum generally broadest close to base, sides of elytra rounded. Head with sparse dorsal setae, more conspicuous at sides, pronotum glabrous to margins. Head: sides biconvex, posterior angles usually more acute and more prominent than bluntly rounded anterior angles; strongly transverse, width much more than 2.5x length; dorsum strongly punctured with smooth interspaces; anteromedian prominence usually bituberculate; anterior margin feebly concave; dorsally visible part of mandibles 1.5−2.0x longer than head, almost symmetrical; mandibles with prominent elongate dorsal tubercle, 1/3 from base of outer edge, and often 1, rarely 2, additional tubercles distal to this; mandibular preapical dorsal tubercle large and erect (height greater than width) on inner edge; ventral inner edge with 4−5 rounded teeth, usually similarly sized but often asymmetrically partly fused, before upturned apex; base of inner face of mandible with large bilobed ventral tubercle and small separated dorsal tubercle; pregular swelling sharply convex, height ≥ longitudinal length, with 1−10 setose punctures on each face. Thorax: pronotum contracted anteriorly from posterolateral angles or almost parallel-sided in basal half; lateral margins bluntly and irregularly crenulate; pronotal disc finely and sparsely punctured, with pair of foveolate depressions anterior to middle, sides more strongly and closely punctured in lateral depressions and angles; pronotal disc shiny, but minutely and evenly microreticulate; scutellum transversely half ovate, closely and strongly punctured; elytra rounded at sides, broadest 1/3−1/2 from base; basal half of elytron with intervals 1 and 3 raised, plus an oblique ridge from humerus to disc; elytra mostly shiny, ridges and basal half mostly nonmicroreticulate, with scattered large punctures in irregular striae mixed with sparse small punctures, the surface mostly smooth except for inner edge of oblique ridge transversely grooved or wrinkled; elytral sides broadly explanate, 1.5−2.0x width of base of metatibia, with transverse grooves or wrinkles; wing reduced, half elytron width, with apex bent at 45° and not reaching elytral apex; external margin of protibia with 2 large and 2−4 minor teeth; internal edge of protibia with 2−3 prominent teeth; metatibia with 0−2 small external teeth. Abdomen: ventrites dull, microreticulate; ventrite I strongly and closely punctured and rugulose, II −V closely and coarsely punctured, I −IV with short recumbent setae, V with longer erect setae; apex of ventrite V shallowly notched. Genitalia: phallobase without evident setae, medially unsclerotised on both dorsal and ventral surfaces, dorsally relatively flat; parameres conspicuously and closely setose, apices acute angled in lateral view; ventral sclerite of penis entire, endophallus with single coil. Female. As male, except: length 18−21 mm ; head more strongly and rugosely punctured, obscuring anteromedian prominence; dorsally visible part of mandibles about as long as head; mandibles with small elongate dorsal tubercle, 1/3 from base of outer edge, remainder of outer edge keeled, preapical dorsal tubercle absent; sides of pronotum more strongly punctured, lateral margins strongly and sharply crenulate, hind angles often acutely produced laterally; internal edge of protibia without or with 1 minute tooth; apex ventrite V truncate. Larva (based on 3 mature specimens from Barrington Tops, length 30−35 mm when crudely straightened out): inner edge of left mandible shallowly excavated between apex and middle of mola; apex of antennomere 3 truncate, inner margin shallowly concave; antennomere 4 length to width ratio 2.1−2.3; mesocoxal stridulatory file evenly curved, with 26−30 small granules; metatrochanteral stridulatory file with 18−22 transverse tubercles, reaching apex of trochanter, which is angulate; metafemur angularly produced at apex; metatibiotarsus elongate, length to width ratio 3.0−3.5; raster with long apical and lateral setae, narrowly glabrous median strip, and elongate posteriorly directed setae on either side of midline.