Bioacoustics of Papuogryllacris ligata

Description. Medium large species. Head: Face ovoid; forehead nearly smooth with scattered impressed dots and very fine transverse riffles; fastigium verticis hardly wider than scapus, separated by a fine transverse suture from fastigium frontis; ocelli distinct; subocular furrows distinct ( Fig. 94I ). Abdominal tergites two and three each with two rows of stridulatory pegs ( Fig. 95D ). Wings surpassing middle of stretched hind tibiae ( Fig. 94H ). Tegmen: Radius releases RS behind mid length of tegmen, both branches forked in apical area. Media anterior free from base, sending a short connection branch to CuA; cubitus anterior at base with a single branch that forks into two veins in about basal quarter, the anterior branch makes a curvature and receives an oblique connection vein from MA and shortly after divides again into two parallel branches, MP and CuA1, while the posterior branch (CuA2) does not divide further; cubitus posterior undivided, free throughout; with 4 anal veins, the last two with common base. Legs: Fore coxa with a spine at fore margin; fore and mid femora unarmed; fore and mid tibiae with 3 pairs of large ventral spines and 1 pair of smaller ventral spurs ( Fig. 2B ); hind femur with 8–10 external and 14 internal spines on ventral margins; hind tibia with spaced spines on both dorsal margins, ventral margins without pre-apical spine; with 3 apical spurs on both sides. Coloration. General color yellowish brown; frons and genae, pronotum except for rim and spots at hind and fore margins, part of lateral areas of abdominal tergites, and abdominal sternites black. Face in dorsal area medium brown; lateral ocelli and a spot around median ocellus light yellow; in middle of frons with a broad black band becoming dark brown along ventral margin, laterally extended on genae; clypeus except for dark dorsal band, labrum, visible basal half of mandibles, and palpi light yellow; hidden apical part of mandibles darkened via reddish to black. Tegmen yellowish semi-transparent, darker towards base; veins and veinlets yellow; hind wing semi-transparent white; veins yellow, towards base brown; cross-veins light yellow. Male. Ninth abdominal tergite globular, setose, along apical margin little bulging and with medial furrow; at underside of apical margin from borderline between sclerotised margin and a membranous zone with a pair of compressed, hook-shaped, upcurved processes projecting behind margin of tergite, tip of process obtuse with acute external angle. Tenth abdominal tergite band-shaped, rather broad, divided in midline with central margins roundly thickened; situated behind projections of ninth tergite and in situ somewhat hidden below ninth tergite. Paraproctes swollen triangular (from bases of cerci) with obtuse medial angle; before angle at dorsal side with a small conical process with acute tip. Eighth abdominal sternite shorter and wider than preceding sternites and furrowed in midline. Subgenital plate very short, wide at base, wide-shallowly furrowed in midline, in subbasal area at both sides with a narrow depression; narrow apical process little longer than plate in middle; process with concave lateral margins, at tip split into two short, deviating, oval lobes; styli inserted at lateral angles of wide basal area of plate, stout and little upcurved, surpassing medial process ( Figs. 95 A–C). Female unknown. Measurements ( 1 male ).—body w/wings: 41; body w/o wings: 28; pronotum: 5.5; tegmen: 34; tegmen width: 12; hind femur: 17.5 mm .