Bioacoustics of Marthogryllacris xichou

Figures 1–2 , 7A–B Male. Body medium. Fastigium verticis narrow, about 1.6 times as wide as scape, the lateral margins slightly raised. Face ovoid, frons with fine transverse riffles and scattered impressed dots. Ocelli distinct ( Fig. 1A ). Anterior margin of pronotum straight, the middle slightly projected, posterior margin nearly straight; lateral lobes longer than high with V-shaped furrow, posterior angle arched, humeral sinus indistinct. Wings surpassing hind knees ( Fig. 7A–B ). Tegmen ( Fig. 2 ): Radius with two branches, both forked near tip; media arises free from base, while media of left tegmen connected with R in basal area and shortly after divided again; cubitus anterior of left tegmen forks into two veins in short distance of middle area and then fused one vein, while media of the right tegmen undivided; cubitus posterior is single branched, free throughout; with 4 anal veins, the last one very narrow and short. Fore coxae with a small spine; fore and middle femora unarmed; fore and middle tibiae with four pairs of ventral spines and one pair of smaller ventral spurs. Hind femora with 7–9 external and 9–11 internal spines on ventral margins; hind tibiae with 6–7 external and 5–6 internal spines on dorsal margins, ventral margins with one subapical spur each; with 3 apical spurs on both sides. Abdominal tergites two and three without stridulatory pegs ( Fig. 1G ). Eighth abdominal tergite prolonged. Ninth abdominal tergite curved downwards, split in midline and provided at both sides with a short, acute spine pointing outwards and slightly forwards and crossing each other ( Fig. 1I–L ). Subgenital plate wider than long with basal area slightly straight, lateral margins convex, posterior margin faintly concave in middle ( Fig. 1F, L ). Styli stout, longer than subgenital plate, inserted at apico-lateral angles of subgenital plate ( Fig. 1F, L ). Female. Unknown. Coloration. General color yellowish brown. Genae, apical area of labrum and mandibles black ( Fig. 1A ). Dorsal area of head with 1 longitudinal black band in middle area ( Fig. 1B–C ). Internal margins of antennal scrobae, scape and pedicels black; flagellum yellowish. Eyes brown. Pronotum yellowish, margins light brown, disc with a broad, black band that reaching the anterior margin of lateral lobes ( Fig. 1B–C ). Apical area of hind femora, basal and apical area of hind tibiae, and dorsal spines of hind tibiae black. Tegmina semi-transparent, cross vein blackish. Measurements (mm). body w/wings: 43.2; body w/o wings: 31.7; pronotum: 7.6; tegmen: 30.5; hind femur: 17.7.

Figs. 28–29 Description. Male. Head ovoid. Face with scattered impressed dots. Fastigium verticis slightly wider than scape, fastigium frontis separated from fastigium verticis by a fine suture ( Fig. 28A ). Ocelli distinct, median ocellus larger than lateral ocelli. Fore coxae with 1 small spine. Fore and middle femora unarmed on ventral surfaces, tibiae with 4 pairs of spurs and 1 pair of apical spurs on ventral surfaces. Hind femora damaged, tibiae with 6 pairs of spines and one pair of apical spurs on dorsal surface, ventral surface with 1 subapical spur and 2 apical spurs on each side. Wings far surpassing the apex of abdomen. Tegmina ( Fig. 28C–D ): radius with RS branching little before middle area of tegmen, both forked; media anterior free from base but leaning on radius, media posterior absent; cubitus anterior and cubitus posterior undivided, but the latter fused with An 1 in short distance at base; with 4 anal veins, the last two with common stem at base. Second and third abdominal tergites without stridulatory pegs ( Fig. 28E ). Eighth abdominal tergite prolonged ( Fig. 28F ). Ninth abdominal tergite split at apical half and prolonged into a short and incurved spine, in situ spines crossing each other ( Fig. 28G ). Subgenital plate wider than long, lateral margins convex, posterior margin arched concave ( Fig. 28H ). styli cylindrical, longer than subgenital plate, inserted at apico-lateral angles. Female. Unknown. Coloration. Body yellowish brown. Genae, mandibles and ventral area of labrum black ( Fig. 28A ). Dorsal surface of head with blackish spot along the middle area. Internal margins of antennal sockets black. Margins of pronotum brown with black stripe which extending the anterior margin and basal half of ventral margins of lateral lobes ( Fig. 28B ). Basal areas of femora and apical areas of tibiae of all legs blackish. Tegmina semi-transparent yellowish, towards base darker, veins brown ( Fig. 29C–D ). Measurements (mm). Male: BL 30.8, PL 7.8, TL 31.0, HFL 18.0.