Bioacoustics of Markia erinaceus

Description Head process moderately long (distance from apex of this process to ventral edge of eye clearly smaller than height of anterior pronotal process); anterior pronotal process high, directed upwards, and with rather large and distinctly arcuate (in profile) lamellar keel along hind edge; posterior pronotal process very high (distinctly higher than anterior one), directed upwards and slightly forwards, and with base distinctly longer than lateral lobe of pronotum; notch between anterior and posterior pronotal processes narrow and with very narrow lower part. Thorax. Fore legs with two long and flattened ventrodistal spines on inner side of femora, a pair of long and thin spines at femoral apex, a pair of similar spines on dorsoproximal part of tibiae, and several small spines on ventrodistal and apical parts of tibiae; middle femora with three long and flattened ventrolateral spines and with apical spines similar to those of fore femora; middle tibiae with two pairs of long and weakly flattened dorsoproximal spines, a pair of thin and somewhat shorter dorsal spines at middle of tibiae (one of latter spines not developed in one leg), one small inner dorsal spine in distal part, and several small spines on ventrodistal and apical parts; hind femora with eight ventral outer spines (these spines flattened and long, but most proximal one rather short), four inner ventral spines (also flattened and long), and apical spines as in previous femora; hind tibiae with 7–8 outer dorsal spines and 10–11 inner dorsal spines (these outer and inner spines flattened and long, excepting a few distal ones which distinctly shorter and almost not flattened) as well as several small ventral and apical spines. Tegmina, the stridulatory apparatus, and exposed part of hind wings as in Plate 1 figs. E and F; stridulatory vein weakly arcuate, with ventral teeth dense in lateral half and somewhat sparser in medial half. Abdomen. Each abdominal tergite with small, soft and ribbon-like posteromedian process, excepting last tergite having only wide and very shallow posteromedian notch; epiproct and paraprocts rather small and more or less rounded; each cercus with two lobes (longer lateral and shorter medial); apices of these lobes widely separated from each other, and each apex in shape of a single weakly hooked tooth; Subgenital plate with broad base, narrowing toward the apex, with u-shaped emargination. Styli cylindrical, as long as 0.4 times the subgenital plate. Female: Coloration of dry specimen and structure of body as in male, but with following differences: blackish vertical stripes on head process fused with each other anteriorly (subapically); dark lines on spines of legs almost black and wider (in shape of stripe gradually narrowing to apex); tegminal venation with greenish tinge; dorsal field of tegmina with larger darkened spots; head process hardly longer; posterior pronotal process slightly lower (weakly higher than anterior pronotal process) and with somewhat shorter base (this base slightly longer than lateral lobe of pronotum); distance between distal parts of anterior and posterior pronotal processes somewhat greater; tegmina distinctly shorter in relation to other body parts (see measurements); exposed part of hind wings also clearly shorter; middle part of middle tibiae without dorsal spines; dorsal spines of hind tibiae insignificantly less numerous (6–7 outer and 10 inner); cerci almost cylindrical, but with moderately thin proximal half and very thin distal half; cercal apex almost acute (last tergite, epiproct and paraprocts damaged). Genital plate as in Fig. C; ovipositor (Fig. D) more or less intermediate between those of M. major (Brunner-Wattenwyl, 1878) and M. hystrix ( Westwood, 1844 ) . Measureents (mm) (male/female): Total length: 65/62, Pronotum: 10/12, Tegmina: 48/46, Fore femur: 9.5/ 10, Fore tibia: 11/11.5, Middle femur: 12.9/13.5, Middle tibia: 14.9/16.2, Hind femur: 29/33, Hind tibia: 32/35, Subgenital plate: 2.4 (male), Cerci: 2.5 (male), Ovipositor: 13.