Bioacoustics of Leptonema boliviense

Male genitalia (Fig. 7). Segment IX annular, dorsally broader and with medial carina (Fig. 7A:ix). Tergum X with mesal excision U–shaped in dorsal view; lateral lobe bilobed with two dorsal setal warts (Fig. 7A: x). Inferior appendages long and slender, with basal segment broader near middle; apical segment 1/3 as long as basal segment, curved to midline. Phallic apparatus tubular with membranous apical lobe directed posterad and bearing setae; dorsolateral process of phallic apparatus short, directed posterad with short apical setae (Fig. 7B: pdl); ventrolateral process of phallic apparatus short, directed posterad and bearing short apical setae (Fig. 7B: pvl). 5th instar larva (Fig. 7–8). Mean total length: 29 mm (27–30, n=15). General color brown. Head dark brown, clear around stemmata (Fig. 7C); head almost square posteriorly in dorsal view, nearly round on anterior margin; anterolateral area of head bearing short modified yellowish setae with truncate apices, parietal sclerites each with dorsal longitudinal line of short, strong, gold setae (Fig. 7D). Ventrolateral regions of head with pair of areas with transverse stridulatory lines. Labrum with brush of long, curved, yellowish setae on anterolateral margin; mesal anterior margin of labrum with short setae (Fig. 7H). Mandibles asymmetrical, right mandible with concave area bearing yellowish setae; left mandible with lateral margin strongly sclerotized and with three mesal teeth (Fig. 7I ). Pronotum dark brown with short and truncate setae on anterior margin; posterior margin of pronotum black, strongly sclerotized; each pronotal plate bearing semicircular groove and two small dark spots (Fig. 7E). Mesonotum and metanotum with curved setae in anterior margins; surfaces recovered with dark setae; muscle scar patterns as in Figs 7 F–G. Prosternum irregular, subtriangular, broader anteriorly with short, broad anteromesal projection; posteriorly rounded, coloration pattern as in Fig. 7K. Chaetotaxy of thoracic legs as in Fig. 7J. Forefemur wider in distal 2/3rds, with pointed dorsal process probably associated with stridulation function. Abdomen with pattern of abdominal gills as in Fig. 8 A, lateral line vague. Segment IX with pair of ventral subtriangular plates bearing posterior setae (Fig. 7L). Anal prolegs each with brush of long setae on posterior margin of each lateral plate. Pupa ( Fig. 8 ) . Mean body length: 14 mm (n=3). General color in alcohol yellowish. Mandibles each 2.5 times as long as basal width, curved, pointed, bearing serrated internal margins ( Fig. 8 B). Abdominal tergites III–VIII bearing anterior dorsal hook plates; abdominal tergite III bearing also posterior pair of hook plates ( Fig. 8 C). Terminal segment elongate with two digitate projections bearing lateral setae ( Fig. 8 D).