Bioacoustics of Laccophilini

1. Metatibiae with a single apical spur. Antennal segments enlarged and flattened in male. Neotropical............ Napodytes - Metatibiae with 2 apical spurs. Antennal segments never enlarged or flattened in male............................... 2 2. Suture between elytron and epipleuron visible dorsally (= “lateral sides bordered”: in dorsal view elytra visibly outlined by a fine border along outer lateral side)....................................................................... 3 - Suture between elytron and epipleuron not visible dorsally (= “lateral sides not bordered”: in dorsal view the elytra do not appear to be bordered)................................................................................. 5 3. Hind angles of pronotum rounded; base of pronotum projecting hindwards in a distinct angle at middle; prosternal process not extending beyond mesocoxae. Neotropical........................................ Laccodytes phalacroides -group - Hind angles of pronotum extending posteriorly into acuminate spine; base of pronotum straight or almost so; prosternal pro- cess long, extending beyond mesocoxae................................................................... 4 4. Prosternal process three-pointed; posterolateral lobes of metatarsi very short, almost lacking; apex of elytra rounded. Afrotro- pical and Oriental........................................................................... Neptosternus - Prosternal process single-pointed; posterolateral lobes of metatarsi longer, well developed; apex of elytra truncate. Neotropical.............................................................................. Laccodytes apalodes -group 5. Metatibial spurs bifid apically (except L. bapak Balke, Larson & Hendrich, 1997 from Papua New Guinea ). Worldwide................................................................................................. Laccophilus - Metatibial spurs simple, apically acute..................................................................... 6 6. Base of pronotum projecting hindwards in a distinct angle at middle............................................ 7 - Base of pronotum straight or almost so.................................................................... 11 7. Prosternal process laterally compressed behind procoxae...................................................... 8 - Prosternal process fairly broad behind procoxae............................................................. 9 8. Length not exceeding 5 mm ; pro- and mesofemora and tibiae densely punctate; prosternal process markedly carinate. Tibet.................................................... Laccoporus (re-description and illustration in Zhao et al. 2011 ) - Length exceeding 5 mm ; pro- and mesofemora and tibiae never densely punctate; prosternal process slightly carinate. Africa............................................................................................. Philodytes 9. Metacoxal lines straight and fairly parallel; body short and broad, strongly narrowed caudally; prosternal process triangular behind procoxae, with acute apex. East Palearctic.............................................. Japanolaccophilus - Metacoxal lines sinuate and strongly convergent anteriorly; body elongate, more gently narrowed caudally; prosternal process broadly triangular to cordiform behind procoxae, with apex rounded to acute.................................... 10 10. Mesotibial spurs not longer than segments 1–2 of mesotarsi combined; elytra covered by numerous, more or less impressed punctures. Oriental.......................................................................... Laccosternus - Mesotibial spurs longer than segments 1–4 of mesotarsi combined; elytra lacking punctures, at most bearing very few, small, hardly visible punctures. Neotropical and SE Nearctic............................................... Laccomimus 11. Reticulation on elytra consisting of longitudinal or broad polygonal meshes; metacoxal lines fairly parallel. Afrotropical............................................................................................... Africophilus - Reticulation on elytra consisting of small, transversal meshes; metacoxal lines more or less convergent anteriorly....... 12 12. Space between metacoxal lines strongly rugose-punctate; metacoxal processes with round meshes and distally bilobed. Australia ....................................................................................... Australphilus - Space between metacoxal lines somewhat smooth; metacoxal processes reticulate with transversal meshes and distally not bilobed............................................................................................. 13 13. Metacoxa with stridulatory file; posterolatral lobes of metatarsi short; ventrite 6 in females rounded apically. Afrotropical............................................................................................... Philaccolus - Metacoxa lacking stridulatory file; posterolateral lobes of metatarsi very long; ventrite 6 in females with an apical lobe, more or less developed. Papua New Guinea ............................................................ Philaccolilus