Bioacoustics of Kybos oshanini

Hosts. We collected K. oshanini from different species of Salix from the section Helix in Kyrgyzstan , Zachvatkin (1953a , b) collected it from S. songorica in Uzbekistan and from S. viminalis in Moscow Oblast. Calling signal. Signals of five males from Kyrgyzstan (the bank of the Taldy-Sai River 3 km down from Shekaftar (=Shakaptar) Village, 45 km southwest from Kerben Town, on Salix sect. Helix , 7. VII. 2023 , recording at 22 oC ) were investigated. Calling signal is a phrase consisting of 2–5 syllables, following each other with a period of 360–760 ms; syllable repetition period usually increases towards the end of a phrase ( Figs 70–71 ). Each syllable consists of several low-amplitude pulses following with a period of 80–140 ms, and one higher-amplitude pulse ( Fig. 72 ). Occasionally, low-amplitude pulses are divided in two and an additional low-amplitude short pulse follows immediately before the high-amplitude one ( Fig. 73 ). The signal K. oshanini is very similar to the calling signal of K. montanus . The most noticeable difference is that low-amplitude pulses in the beginning of the syllable are always present in the signals of K. oshanini , whereas in the signals of K. montanus they are fully or partially reduced. Also, the higher-amplitude component of syllable in the signal of K. montanus is longer, has a flat leading edge, and sometimes consists of several partially merged pulses. In K. oshanini it is shorter, with a steep leading edge, and consists of only one or two pulses.

MALE CALLING SIGNALS. Signals of five males from Kyrgyzstan (the bank of the Taldy-Sai River 3 km down from Shekaftar (=Shakaptar) Village, 45 km southwest from Kerben Town, on Salix sect. Helix , 7.VII.2023 , recording at 22 °C) were investigated. Calling signal is a phrase consisting of 2–5 syllables following each other with a period of 360–760 ms; syllable repetition period usually increases towards the end of a phrase ( Figs 199– 202 ). Each syllable consists of several low-amplitude pulses following with a period of 80–140 ms, and one higher-amplitude pulse ( Fig. 201 ). Occasionally, low-amplitude pulses are divided in two and an additional low-amplitude short pulse follows immediately before the high-amplitude one ( Fig. 202 ).