Bioacoustics of Hemiandrus jacinda

Description. Dimensions . Adult female (NMNZ AI049808, formerly GW1328) total length (from anterior of head to posterior tip of ovipositor) about 50mm ; antennna ~ 75mm ; pBL (anterior of head to posterior of abdomen) 28.9mm ; pronotum length 7.7mm ; ovipositor 21.51; fore femur length 8.87mm ; mid femur length 12.49mm ; hind femur length 25.3mm and depth 6.43mm ; fore tibia length 10.29mm ; mid tibia length 11.58mm ; hind tibia length 24mm ; hind tarsus 11.45mm . Adult male (NMNZ AI049810, formerly GW208) pBL 24.3mm ; PL 6.11mm ; fore femur length 8.2mm ; mid femur length 9.3mm ; hind femur length 22mm and depth 5.26mm ; hind tibia length 20.24; hind tarsus length 9.84mm . Head . Glabrous and glossy, prominent fastigium black with large white lateral ocelli; frons pale with dark patches and large white median ocellus; vertex and occiput with black to orange-brown pattern; gena cream with few dark patches; clypeus cream; labrum mostly cream to pale orange at the periphery which bears stout setae; mandibles cream to pale orange with dark proximal patch and darkening to near black sclerotised tips and ventral surfaces cream; palps cream. Antennae at least twice as long as body, pale orange-brown with pale scape and pedestal which along with first third is glabrous, distal 60% pilose. Eyes black. 5th segment of maxillary palp pilose, 4th segment 55% pilose, remainder of 4th segment and segments 1–3 with sparse pale setae ( Figure 2 ). Thorax . Pronotum glabrous and microsculptured, broader than long at the posterior margin, predominantly orange-scarlet in colour with near black pigmentation on anterior margins and orange-brown band along posterior margin, a small cream patch on either side at the anterior-ventral corner, a pair of red-brown markings positioned either side of the midline in the centre of the pronotum align with similar pigmentation on meso- and metanotum and tergites to form two longitudinal stripes. Meso- and metanotum similar in colouring to abdominal tergites. Sternum cream-white with dark tips to four sternal spines. Legs . Coxae and trochanters white-cream. Femorae yellow-cream at base grading to orange-red and darkest at distal margins, glossy, glabrous but with sparse short setae. Fore and mid femora lack spines. Hind femora without spines except at distal apex where there is a dark, stout, sharp, spine on both sides. The prolateral spine is on the inferior surface of the joint while the retrolateral one is on the distal margin ( Figure 3 ). All tibiae orange-red to rusty brown on proximal half, shading to cream on distal portion, except hind tibiae that are pigmented except for distal 15–20% ( Figure 4 ). Tarsi cream or orange tinted, glabrous with sparse orange setae most dense at apex of segment 1 near brown claw. Fore tibiae lack tympana ( Figure 4 ). Fore and mid tibiae armed with long, erect, pigmented articulated spines arranged unevenly. Fore tibiae: a single prolateral linear spine on the superior surface plus a pair of apical spines; four prolateral and four retrolateral linear spines on the inferior surface plus an apical pair. Mid tibiae: two prolateral and three retrolateral linear spines on the superior surface plus a pair of apical spines that are set back from the apex (the combination might be interpreted as three prolateral and four retrolateral articulated spines without apicals); inferior surface has four prolateral and four retrolateral spines plus a pair of apicals. Hind tibiae: five or six unpaired small articulated linear spines along the inferior surface; seven or eight small fixed spines on prolateral and retrolateral angles of the superior surface; a pair of long, sturdy, dark-tipped, articulated apical spines displaced a little from the distal end of the superior surface with the retrolateral spine being more distal than the prolateral one; a pair of small subapical spines at the base of the inferior surface; a pair of larger inferior apical spines; a pair of long, stout superior apical spines. Tarsi: cream, four-segmented and with few setae. Abdomen . Glabrous and microsculptured above. Tergites predominantly orange to scarlet in colour with dark and pale markings; dark brown to black on posterior margins and bearing a number of non-melanised spots.Anterior portion of tergites non-melanised, pale orange but with darker red-brown patch on either side of midline. Lateral surfaces of tergites 1–3 bear patches of posterior-pointing tubercles that probably engage with similar pegs on the retrolateral surface of hind femur as in stridulation ( Figure 3 ). Cerci cream. Sternites cream to yellow. Female . Ovipositor long (about 2/3rds length of the body) and gently curved, yellow at base, becoming deep rusty-brown, ( Figure 5 ). Cerci elongate, cylindrical, bearing dense short hairs and sparse very long hairs, except for tip which is naked with one or two hairs at the tip. Posterior margins of tergites 1–10 simple; posterior margins of sternites 1–5 and 7 simple; sternite S6 with broad weak medial depression and pair of sclerotised cusps; subgenital plate triangular and tapering to a sharp point. Male . Terminalia comprise a pair of upright dark-tipped paraprocts, a pair of long tapering cerci clothed in short and long hairs and subgenital plate that is deeply incised forming two fingers with short, cylindrical, naked styli. The subgenital plate has longish golden hairs on the dorso-lateral margin but is glabrous beneath. Sternites glossy. Posterior margins of tergites 1–8 simple; the 9 th tergite (T9) forms a pair of blunt lobes on posterior margin; T10 has a pair of short, dark anterior-facing hooked falci aligned with T9 lobes ( Figure 6 ).