Bioacoustics of Eupalaestrus crassimetatarsis

Description. Male holotype (MZUSP15785) . Carapace 18.63 long, 17.56 wide, chelicerae 7.81. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 17.36, 8.29, 12.55, 11.28, 7.91, 57.39. II: 15.39, 7.59, 10.5, 10.91, 7.85, 52.24. III: 13.58, 7.09, 9.64, 12.20, 7.83, 50.34. IV:18.48, 8.69, 15.32, 19.79, 8.87, 71.15. Palp: 10.18, 5.98, 8.27, -, 4.46, 28.89. Midwidths: femora I–IV = 3.43, 3.58, 4.50, 3.99, palp = 2.86; patellae I–IV = 3.69, 3.70, 3.66, 4.30, palp = 3.05; tibiae I–IV = 3.06, 2.91, 3.32, 4.67, palp = 3.66; metatarsi I–IV = 2.02, 1.91, 1.88, 2.58; tarsi I–IV = 1.97, 1.86, 1.86, 1.90, palp = 2.80. Abdomen 19.49 long, 15.16 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 2.20 long, 0.75 wide, 0.82 apart; PLS, 2.54 basal, 2.03 middle, 2.97 distal; midwidths 1.45, 1.41, 1.01, respectively. Carapace: length to width ratio 1.06; cephalic area moderately raised; thoracic striae deep. Fovea: deep, straight, 1.99 wide. Carapace covered with short and slender setae, bordered with longer ones projecting outwards. Eyes and eye tubercle: tubercle 0.85 high, 1.99 long, 2.69 wide. Clypeus 0.46 wide. Anterior row procurved, posterior slightly recurved. Sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.44, ALE 0.46, PME 0.30, PLE 0.44, AME–AME 0.35, AME–ALE 0.25, AME–PME 0.31, ALE–ALE 1.59, ALE–PME 0.53, PME–PME 1.12, PME–PLE 0.08, PLE–PLE 1.69, ALE–PLE 00.24, AME–PLE 0.39. Eye group 2.24 wide, 1.12 long. Maxillae: length 6.09, width 3.01. Cuspules: ca . 161 spread over ventral inner heel. Lyra absent. Labium: 2.87 long, 3.65 wide, with ca . 62 cuspules spaced by ca . one diameter from each other on the anterior central third. Labio-sternal groove shallow, flat, with two large sigilla. Chelicerae: basal segment with 12 teeth on promargin and denticles on basal area. Sternum: length 7.67, width 7.81. Posterior angle rounded, not separating coxae IV. Sigilla: first pair not evident; second and third oval; the second and third one width from margin. Legs. Clavate trichobothria: on distal 2/3 of tarsi I–IV. Stridulatory apparatus: probably plumose setae ( Galleti-Lima and Guadanucci 2019 ) on femur I and IV (not examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM)). Scopula: retrolateral femur IV scopulate. Tarsi I–IV fully scopulate. Metatarsi I fully scopulate; II 60% distal; III 30% distal, IV lacking scopula. Spination: palp: patella p1; tibia v0–5–1, p5–1–6(3ap), r1–1–1; leg I: patella 0; tibia v1–2– 1ap, p1–1–0, metatarsus v0–0–3ap, p0–1–0; leg II: tibia v1–2–4(3ap), p1–1–1; metatarsus v0–3–3ap, p0–2–1, r0–1–1; leg III: tibia v2–4–2ap, p1–1–1, r1–1–1; metatarsus v5–3–8 (4ap), p1–1–1, r0–1–1; leg IV: tibia v0–4–2ap, r0–2–1; metatarsus v36(4ap), p0–1–1, r0–1–1. Spiniform setae on prolateral coxae IV. Spiniform setae between the retrolateral faces of coxae IV. Claws: ITC absent from all legs; STC with a single row of very small teeth. Urticating setae: types I and III, distributed as in Bertani and Guadanucci (2013 , fig. 7). Palp ( Figure 1 (c–d)): palpal bulb pyriform, long embolus, slightly flattened laterally at distal region, apex short and slender. Prolateral keels present. PS forming the embolus edge distally. A present, developed. R present, developed. SA represented by a DR. Tibial apophysis ( Figure 1 (e)): two straight branches, originating at the same base, with the retrolateral branch becoming thinner in the middle region. Metatarsus I straight, when flexed touches the retrolateral branch laterally. Colour ( Figure 3 (b)): carapace and chelicerae predominantly black. Carapace bordered with scattered light brown setae, chelicerae with some long light brown setae. Legs black with two yellow lines on the patella. Coxae of legs ventrally and sternum dark brown, covered with short light brown setae. Labium and maxillae reddish brown. Abdomen covered with black setae and scattered long and slightly light brown guard setae. Description. Female paratype (MCTP43985) . Carapace 20.76 long, 18.74 wide, chelicerae 10.59. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 14.09, 8.25, 9.87, 8.82, 6.16, 47.19. II: 12.22, 7.62, 8.55, 7.98, 5.98, 42.35. III: 11.75, 7.70, 7.51, 8.89, 5.90, 41.75. IV: 16.85, 9.57, 13.91, 14.69, 6.58, 61.60. Palp: 10.85, 6.69, 7.52, -, 7.26, 32.32. Midwidths: femora I–IV = 3.30, 3.35, 4.34, 3.89, palp = 2.54; patellae I–IV = 3.83, 3.81, 4.18, 4.99, palp = 3.31; tibiae I–IV = 3.43, 3.32, 3.91, 6.68, palp = 2.27; metatarsi I–IV = 2.62, 2.48, 2.71, 4.64; tarsi I–IV = 1.96, 1.70, 1.94, 2.12, palp = 2.32. Abdomen 27.53 long, 22.95 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 1.85 long, 1.10 wide, 0.95 apart; PLS, 3.94 basal, 3.10 middle, 3.75 distal; midwidths 1.87, 1.97, 1.69, respectively. Carapace: length to width ratio 1.11; cephalic area moderately raised; thoracic striae deep. Fovea: deep, straight, 4.93 wide. Carapace covered with short and slender setae, bordered with longer ones projecting outwards. Eyes and eye tubercle: tubercle 0.99 high, 2.24 long, 3.48 wide. Clypeus 0.34 wide. Anterior row procurved, posterior slightly recurved. Sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.52, ALE 0.50, PME 0.17, PLE 0.51, AME–AME 0.52, AME–ALE 0.26, AME–PME 0.24, ALE–ALE 1.78, ALE–PME 0.51, PME–PME 1.40, PME–PLE 0.05, PLE–PLE 1.176, ALE–PLE 0.27, AME–PLE 0.38. Eye group 2.36 wide, 1.14 long. Maxillae: length 6.98, width 4.43. Cuspules: ca . 183 spread over the ventral inner heel. Lyra absent. Labium 2.43 long, 4.05 wide, with 85 cuspules spaced by ca . one diameter from each other on the anterior central third. Labio-sternal groove shallow, flat, with two large sigilla. Chelicerae: basal segment with 13 teeth on promargin and denticles on basal area. Sternum: length 8.83, width 8.60. Posterior angle rounded, not separating coxae IV. Sigilla: first pair rounded; second and third oval; the first one diameter away from margin, the second and third one width. Legs. Clavate trichobothria: on distal 2/3 of tarsi I–IV. Stridulatory apparatus: probably plumose setae ( Galleti-Lima and Guadanucci 2019 ) on femur I and IV (not examined under SEM). Scopula. Retrolateral femur IV scopulate. Tarsi I–IV fully scopulate. Metatarsi I fully scopulate; II 70%, III 30%, IV only few and sparse at the apical end. Spination: palp: tibia v0– 0–3ap, p0–0–1; leg I: tibia v0–0–1ap, metatarsus v0–0–1ap; leg II: tibia v0–0–1ap; metatarsus v1–0–3ap; leg III: tibia v0.1.3ap, p0–1–1, metatarsus v2–2–4ap, p1–1–1, r0–1–1; leg IV: tibia v0–1–2ap, metatarsus v31(5ap), p0-1-1. Spiniform setae on prolateral coxae II–IV and retrolateral coxae II–III. A large group of spiniform setae also between the retrolateral faces of coxae IV. Claws: ITC absent from all legs; STC with a single row of very small teeth. Urticating setae: types I and III, distributed as in Bertani and Guadanucci (2013 , fig. 7). Genitalia ( Figure 2 (d)): two short spermathecae separated by a weakly sclerotised short area, spermathecal stalk narrower than elongated spermathecal bulb. Colour ( Figure 3 (a)): in general as in male, but with more conspicuous lines on legs, not just on patella but also on tibia and metatarsi.