Bioacoustics of Cyanidius turkestanicus

SIGNALS. The temporal pattern of the male calling signal is generally the same as in C. collinus . The phrase consists of alternating sequences of 3–6 shorter syllables and one longer syllable, and always begins with a sequence of shorter syllables ( Figs 21–23 ). Before the last longer syllable this sequence can be missing. The phrase duration is 9–10 s in males from the first locality ( Figs 21–22 ) and about 4.5 s in the male from the second locality ( Fig. 23 ). The duration of both longer and shorter syllables in males from different localities is almost the same and averages 1200–2200 ms and 95–140 ms, respectively. Sometimes the longer syllable begins with several pulses of higher amplitude ( Figs 23, 26 ; the second long syllable on Fig. 22 ); at the end of some syllables, the pulse repetition period sharply decreases and their shape somewhat changes ( Figs 25–26 ). Signals of males from different localities clearly differ in duration, despite the fact that the distance between them is about 23 km and the recordings were made at almost the same temperature.