Bioacoustics of Caustogryllacris podocausta

Description. Small species. Head: Face oval; forehead nearly smooth with very fine impressed dots; fastigium verticis about twice as wide as scapus; ocelli little distinct; fastigium frontis separated from fastigium verticis by a very fine suture; subocular furrows shallow. Abdominal tergites two and three each with 2 rows of stridulatory teeth. Wings about covering abdomen ( Fig. 3A ). Tegmen: Media anterior fused in basal area with radius, after both divided, radius gives rise to radius sector; media posterior absent; cubitus anterior forks between basal third and mid-length into two veins, CuA1 and CuA2; cubitus posterior undivided, free throughout; with 4 anal veins. Legs: Fore coxa with a large spine at fore margin; fore and mid femora unarmed; fore and mid tibiae with four pairs of large ventral spines and one pair of smaller ventral spurs; hind femur with 7–8 external and 3–4 internal spines on ventral margins; hind tibia with spaced spines on both dorsal margins, ventral margins with one preapical spine; with 3 apical spurs on both sides. Coloration. General color light with dark marks; vertex yellowish brown, fastigium blackish; pronotum dark red brown with yellowish lateral and apical areas but rim dark; posterior abdominal tergites dark red brown, anterior tergites and sternites light brown, legs yellowish with dark brown genicular areas. Face black in middle, genae and mouth parts dark brown, fastigium verticis and fastigium frontis, ventral margin of clypeus and maxillary palpi yellowish ( Fig. 3B ). Tegmen semi-transparent yellowish with brown veins; hind wing semitransparent white with yellow veins and brown cross-veins, the cross-veins adorned by narrow light brown bands. Male. Eighth abdominal tergite moderately prolonged behind. Ninth abdominal tergite moderately prolonged behind with converging and strongly down-bent lateral margins; furrowed in midline, towards tip with a pair of large, strong, elongate swellings that carry on ventral tip a swollen subacute tooth ( Fig. 3C ). Tenth abdominal tergite largely reduced. Subgenital plate wider than long with lateral margins in circa basal half subparallel, afterwards narrowing, faintly concave, apical area bilobate with obtuse angular excision; apical area little depressed with a small deeper groove in middle and another small groove at base; styli rather short and stout, inserted at lateral angles of approaching part of margins. Female. Subgenital plate with converging lateral margins, tip sub-truncate. Ovipositor upcurved in basal half, with apical widening. Measurements ( 1 male ).—body w/o wings: 19; pronotum: 3.2; tegmen: 11.5; hind femur: 7.5; antenna: 70 mm .

Description. Small species. Head: Face oval; forehead nearly smooth with very fine impressed dots; fastigium verticis about twice as wide as scapus; ocelli indistinct. Abdominal tergites two and three each with two rows of stridulatory teeth, first row on second tergite with only few teeth, second row sinuate ( Fig. 3J ). Wings little surpassing hind knees. Tegmen: Radius with a single posterior branch in about mid-length of tegmen, that vein forks in about apical third into radius sector and media anterior; media posterior absent; cubitus anterior forks between basal third and mid-length into two veins, CuA1 and CuA2; cubitus posterior undivided, free throughout; with 4 anal veins, last two with common stem ( Fig. 3F ). Legs: Fore coxa with a large spine at fore margin; fore and mid femora unarmed; fore and mid tibiae with four pairs of large ventral spines and one pair of smaller ventral spurs; hind femur with 6 external and 2–4 internal spines on ventral margins; hind tibia with spaced spines on both dorsal margins, ventral margins with one preapical spine each; with 3 apical spurs on both sides. Coloration. General color light brown (specimen formerly conserved in alcohol); vertex unicolored; disc of pronotum indistinctly darker in middle and with dark hind margin. Face black from below compound eyes and including antennal scrobae to clypeo-frontal suture, genae and mouthparts medium to dark brown, the latter with a narrow light band in middle; fastigium verticis, scapus and flagellum yellowish as vertex ( Fig. 3G ). Tegmen semitransparent white with yellow veins and veinlets; hind wing semi-transparent white with yellow veins and brown cross-veins, the cross-veins adorned by narrow light brown bands. Male. Eighth abdominal tergite moderately prolonged behind. Ninth abdominal tergite moderately prolonged behind with converging and strongly down-bent lateral margins; furrowed in midline, towards tip with a pair of large, strong, elongate swellings that carry on ventral tip a compressed acute tooth ( Fig. 3H ). Tenth abdominal tergite largely reduced. Subgenital plate wider than long with lateral margins in circa basal two thirds convex, afterwards faintly concave, apical area bilobate with obtuse angular excision; a pair of carinae or steps from middle of base to end of convex lateral margins separating convex latero-basal areas fron flattened medio-apical area; styli rather short and stout, inserted at lateral angles of approaching part of margins ( Fig. 3I ). Phallus membranous. Measurements ( 1 male ).—body w/wings: 18.5; body w/o wings: 15; pronotum: 3.8; tegmen: 14; hind femur: 9; antenna: male> 65 mm .