Bioacoustics of Barombia tuberculosa

REDESCRIPTION Appearance distinctive ( Figs 3A ; 19G, H ). Medium size (male, c. 23.5-27 mm ; female c. 32-36 mm ). Integument coarsely rugose, granulose and punctate. Head Antenna filiform, with 23 articles ( Dirsh, 1965 ), about 1.45- 1.6 times (male), 1.3-1.4 times (female) as long as head and pronotum together. Head conical; frons in profile oblique and indented at median ocellus; fastigium of vertex strongly projecting beyond eyes, horizontal, acutangular, as long as or slightly longer than its basal width, with marginal carinae in apical half but with medial carinula obsolete ( Fig. 3D ). Face and lower genae coarsely rugose and punctate. Frontal ridge medially produced, narrow, bladelike above antennae, becoming shallow with carinulae present between antennae and median ocellus, obsolete ventrally. Head width across eyes c. 2.9-3.5 times length of vertex (males), c. 2.6-2.9 times (females) (measured to narrowest point between eyes). Lateral ocelli barely visible from above. Eyes from above protuberant and globular ( Fig. 3D ). Vertex Head + Hind Hind Femur Vertex length pronotum Antenna Antenna Head Pronotum femur femur length / Total body Vertex max. / max. length length / length width length Length depth depth length length width width (h+pl) h+pl Males n 5 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 5 Range 11.29-13.57 4.23-4.67 3.85-5.06 12.79-14.61 3.37-3.87 3.66-3.96 22.7-27.12 1.27-1.5 1.05-1.39 0.99-1.21 7.45-8.85 1.48-1.58 Mean 12.23 4.43 4.40 13.74 3.61 3.81 24.78 1.39 1.24 1.12 8.03 1.54 Females n 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Range 12.91-13.8 5.05-5.12 4.85-5.68 15.61-18.89 4.18-4.44 3.73-4.25 31.02-35.47 1.72-1.94 1.64-1.73 1.0-1.18 9.37-10.14 1.31-1.39 Mean 13.33 5.09 5.26 17.48 4.34 4.02 33.24 1.82 1.69 1.12 9.81 1.36 Thorax Pronotum short, not covering mesonotum, with deep transverse sulci dividing prozona into anterior and posterior sections and separating prozona from much reduced metazona; prozona about 4.8 times as long as metazona, with both sections having strongly raised and bluntly pointed dorso-medial lobes, of variable development, the posterior lobe somewhat larger; anterior and posterior sections of prozona and metazona with pointed dorso-lateral tubercular lobes, small or obsolescent in anterior section of prozona, but larger in posterior section of prozona and in metazona; metazona not raised but with very small medial pointed lobe; hind margin of metazona medially indented; prosternal process acutely conical. Mesonotum low, with fore margin medially indented, as broad as or broader than pronotum, hind margin ridged and tuberculate. Mesosternal interspace open, longer than its minimum width; mesosternal lobes with smoothly curving posterior margins. Elytra and wings absent. Metanotum and first abdominal tergite inflated ( Fig. 3A ), coarsely granulose, with median carina forming irregular raised arcuate or pointed medial lobes, subtriangular in dorsal view. Abdomen Dorsally carinate. Tympanum large, oval, sclerotised. Supra-anal plate divided into basal and apical portions by a transverse furrow, its basal portion narrowly embedded into last abdominal tergite, with broad medial longitudinal groove and with shallowly concave carinate hind margin with papillate flanges at its outer ends ( Fig. 7A ); hinged apical portion shield-shaped, longer than its basal width. Subgenital plate subconical, postero-ventrally slightly concave in lateral view, with acutely conical apex. Cerci elongate conical, with digitate tips, clothed with long setae. Legs Hind femur of moderate depth ( c. 3.7-3.9 times as long as maximum depth, male; c. 3.7 times, females), with serrated upper carina, tuberculate upper and lower marginal areas, rounded knee lobes. Hind tibia with 8 inner and 7 outer spines, small external apical spine usually present (as in Mazaea , Fig. 3C ). Arolium large, diameter less than claw length. Male genitalia Very similar to those of Mazaea in all respects ( Fig. 7 ). Female Internal genitalia with spermatheca of similar configuration to that found in Mazaea , with long duct repeatedly looped and coiled in two distinct clusters to left and right sides of abdomen, becoming narrower in its apical section and ending with short vermiform subapical diverticulum and longer looping vermiform apical diverticulum; overall length of spermathecal duct shorter than in Mazaea spp. and with proportionately shorter apical diverticulum. Subgenital plate similar in shape to that in Mazaea species, as described above. Measurements Table 3 . Coloration ( Figs 3A ; 19G, H ) In contrast to other genera of Ixalidiidae Hemp, Song & Ritchie n. fam. , ground colour olivaceous green to buff, variegated with light rufous brown markings, with some tubercles yellowish; antennae black with apical segments usually white; abdominal tergites 2-5 laterally with black shiny patches; abdominal sternites 2-7 variably infused with black; hind femora externally yellowish buff in basal half, with dark grey to blackish oblique transverse banding in apical half; black patches in basal half on upper and lower outer areas and internal medial area; ventral internal area brownish to blackish; knee lunules black; tibiae mottled brown and dark grey with spines black-tipped.