Bioacoustics of Rhinella marina

Remarks: All populations sampled west of the Andes are currently recognized as Rhinella horribilis (Acevedo et al. 2016) . These authors, however, did not include in their analysis samples of R. marina from the majority of Venezuela . The current authors have observed important morphological and acoustic differences in populations east of the Andes, at least in Venezuela . A wider sample should be analyzed to properly assess the complex taxonomy and nomenclature of these species and/or species complex. Selected references: Lichtenstein and von Martens (1856); Lutz (1927) ; Ginés (1959) ; Rohl (1959) ; Rivero (1961 , 1964a –d, 1967a); Heatwole et al. (1965) ; Tello (1968) ; Staton and Dixon (1977) ; Hoogmoed and Gorzula (1979) ; Rivero-Blanco and Dixon (1979) ; Zug and Zug (1979) ; Péfaur and Díaz De Pascual (1982 , 1987); Hoogmoed and Gruber (1983) ; Gremone et al. (1986) ; Rivero et al. (1986) ; Hoogmoed (1989) ; La Marca (1992) ; Manzanilla et al. (1995) ; Evans and Lampo (1996) ; Duellman (1997) ; Gorzula and Señaris (1998) ; Barrio-Amorós and Brewer-Carías (2008) ; Barrio-Amorós (2010a); Ugueto and Rivas-Fuenmayor (2010); Barrio-Amorós et al. (2011b) ; Señaris et al. (2014) ; Acevedo et al. (2016).