Bioacoustics of Laboulbenia sphaerii

Remarks First record from Denmark . The Danish material consists of two immature thalli from a dry-preserved beetle captured in 1872 ( Fig. 43E ). Despite the scarcity and age of the material, the specimens are perfectly classifiable given the distinctive characteristics and ecology. For comparison and for documentary interest we reproduce a photograph of a mature thallus from the Spanish holotype ( Fig. 43F ). Although most species in the genus Laboulbenia have a typically five-celled receptacle (namely cells from I to V), some species show undivided cells III+IV or III+IV+V. Song et al. (2019) listed 23 species with these characteristics but omitted L. sphaerii which is the only Danish species of the genus having undivided cells III+IV. These species have been reported to grow on hosts belonging to three insect orders ( Coleoptera , Diptera , and Heteroptera) and eight families ( Song et al. 2019 ); it will remain unknown whether this character evolved independently on multiple occasions until most of the species have been sequenced.