Bioacoustics of Cacosternum namaquense

Advertisement call . The call is a high-pitched creak. The illustrated example ( Fig. 8 ) has a duration of 0.3 s , with 18 pulses at a pulse rate of 56 s -1. Morphology . Females reach 20 mm SUL in our sample. Breeding males have a vocal sac that is diffuse grey anteriorly, with the belly pattern of spots posteriorly. Viewed from above, the nostrils are within one nostril diameter of the snout margin. The supratympanic fold continues posteriorly to form a glandular saddle. The rictal gland is prominent, continuous with the upper lip. There are two supernumerary tubercles on the palm. There is no webbing, although the notch between the third and fourth toes passes the proximal subarticular tubercle of the third toe. The inner metatarsal tubercle is conical, equal to the width of the tip of the first toe. The nuptial pad of breeding males extends to the level of the proximal subarticular tubercle of the first finger. The belly spots are larger than the lens of the eye, many running together to form lines ( Fig. 4 ).